Fuel Efficiency regarding weight of the automobile is a major issue. To reduce the weight of the vehicle and to satisfy the safety of the automobile is a challenging task. Bumper is one of the main parts which are used as protection for passengers from front and rear collisions. In this study, the most important variables like material and impact conditions are studied for analysis of the bumper beam in order to improve the crashworthiness during collision. The Low velocity impact testing is simulated using LS DYNA at a speed of 4 kmph. This speed is according to regulations of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards, FMVSS 208- Occupant Crash Protection, whereby the purpose and scope of this standard specifies requirements to afford impact protection for passengers. In this research, the various bumper materials like Steel, Aluminum, Glass Mat Thermoplastics (GMT), Sheet Molding Compound (SMC) and Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics (LFRT)were selected for the crash performance of front bumper beam using Finite Element Analysis. These materials were studied by impact modeling to determine the Kinetic Energy, displacement and impact force. The selected materials are compared to each other for the design parameters like shape, material and impact condition. Simulation is done using Finite Element Analysis software, LS DYNA. The results shows LFRT bumper can reduce the impact of collision with higher performance and was suggested to replace Steel, Aluminum, GMT and SMC. The impact duration for LFRT was the shortest compared to Steel, Aluminum, GMT and SMC.

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