📚 Volume 31, Issue 5 📋 ID: zb0uwqn

Authors

Ivan Zhao , Pierre Esposito

Department of Management & Economic, Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch

Abstract

Abstract\nIn this paper, we present new indices for estimating technical change, return to scale, and TFP growth. These indices, Modified General Index (MGI), Generalized Modified General Index (GMGI) and General Time Trend index (GTTI), are a generalization of the General Index. The results of the study suggest that for the estimation of technical change, return to scale, and TFP growth, the MGI method is appropriate when we have time series data or panel data with limited cross section data. When there is a need to compare irregular periods of time (for evaluation plan or policies), we suggest the GMGI method and when we have time series data or panel data with limited cross section data, and a trend in every period, we propose the GTTI method..\nKeywords: Productivity, Technical Change, Modified General Index, Generalized Modified General Index, and General Time Trend index.
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📝 How to Cite

Ivan Zhao , Pierre Esposito (2024). "Productivity and Technical Changes: Modified General Index (MGI), Generalized Modified General Index (GMGI) and General Time Trend Index (GTTI)". Wulfenia, 31(5).