ethnobotany traditional knowledge medicinal plants phytochemical analysis Artemisia herba-alba Peumus boldus

Ethnobotany represents a crucial bridge between cultural traditions and modern science, especially in regions rich in biodiversity. This study explores the traditional knowledge and medicinal applications of native plants among communities in Iraq and Chile. The objective was to document plant species utilized for medicinal purposes and analyze cultural perceptions of their efficacy. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, we conducted structured interviews with local herbalists and gathered plant specimens for phytochemical analysis. Our findings reveal a robust body of traditional knowledge underscoring the vital role these plants play in primary healthcare. In Iraq, plants such as Artemisia herba-alba were found to be prominent for their antimicrobial properties, while in Chile, Peumus boldus is commonly used for its digestive benefits. The study highlights the importance of preserving indigenous knowledge as it offers potential pathways for novel pharmacological discoveries. In conclusion, prioritizing the documentation of ethnobotanical practices is essential to conserving cultural heritage and tapping into potential new therapeutic agents.

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