DNA repair homologous recombination non-homologous end-joining cross-species analysis genomic stability CRISPR-Cas9

DNA repair is a fundamental cellular process crucial for maintaining genomic stability. This study aims to elucidate the conserved and divergent mechanisms of DNA repair across different eukaryotic species. Utilizing a combination of bioinformatics approaches and experimental techniques such as CRISPR-Cas9, we analyzed the key components of the homologous recombination and non-homologous end-joining pathways. Our findings reveal significant differences in repair efficiency and mechanism regulation, influenced by evolutionary adaptations. Specifically, we identified novel repair proteins in model organisms such as yeast and Arabidopsis, which lack homologues in mammalian systems. Furthermore, our study underscores the role of post-translational modifications in modulating repair enzyme activity. These insights advance our understanding of DNA repair diversity and may inform the development of targeted therapies for genetic disorders involving repair defects. In conclusion, our cross-species analysis highlights the complexity and adaptability of DNA repair mechanisms, with potential implications for biotechnology and medicine.

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