The objective of this work is to design and fabricate artificial upper limbs (robo element) that are lightweight, compact and low cost. The aim of this work is to use advanced Mechanical technology to design & fabricate the prosthetic devices and enhance the quality of life for amputees z. An artificial upper limb named prosthetic hand that will enable a disabled person with amputated limb to attend to personal tasks. The artificial hand has been replicated that of a human hand as far as possible with due regard to functional requirements. The artificial upper limb components are modeled by using 3D modeling softwares.2D manufacturing drawings have been generated from the 3D modeling software’s. Hand physiology, wrist physiology, and elbow physiology is studied for designing the robo element (Upper limb).It is designed and fabricated.
A study was conducted to evaluate the performance of a disk harrow as a primary cultivation tool in loamy sand soil. Four plowing speeds viz. three different soil surfaces classified as low soil cone index, medium soil cone index, and high soil cone index were investigated. The results show that draft force tends to increase with plowing speed and that this relationship is almost linear at speeds between 1.82 and 7.59 km/h. Also, the results showed that draft force tends to increase with soil cone index and that this relationship was almost linear at soil cone index between 233 and 1592 kPa. The high value of the coefficient of determination recorded in the draft model equation indicated that the equation could enable anyone to predict the draft requirements of the disk harrow operating in loamy sand soil within the range of plowing speed and soil cone index used in the field.
Urban green spaces have been recognized for their potential to enhance biodiversity and improve air quality in metropolitan areas. This study investigates the relationship between the presence of urban green spaces and the diversity of local flora and fauna, as well as their impact on air pollution levels. Using a combination of field observations and air quality monitoring in various cities, we analyzed the biodiversity indices and particulate matter concentrations. The results indicate a positive correlation between well-maintained green areas and increased species richness, alongside a reduction in airborne pollutants. These findings underscore the importance of integrating green spaces into urban planning to promote sustainable city environments.
The use of 5-phenyl 2H-tetrazole as a copper corrosion inhibitor was tested in 1M aerated HCl in the 25–55°C temperature range. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing inhibitor concentration and with increasing temperature, which is due to the fact that the rate of corrosion of Cu is higher than the rate of adsorption. The inhibiting action of this compound is considerably enhanced by the addition of KBr due to the increase of the surface coverage and therefore indicates the joint adsorption of this compound and bromide ions. In this work, experimental techniques such as weight-loss have been used. Results obtained from this technique are in good agreement.
The increasing complexity of global environmental challenges necessitates collaborative approaches in botanical conservation. Integrating diverse expertises is essential to address the multifaceted nature of ecosystem management and biodiversity preservation. This paper examines the evolution of collaborative strategies in botanical conservation, highlighting key developments from past practices to present methodologies, and forecasts future research trajectories. Through a comprehensive review of literature, this study maps theoretical, contextual, and methodological frameworks chronologically. The outcomes provide a conceptual foundation for advancing collaborative research in environmental science, fostering innovation in conservation practices.
Most of marine sponges harbor dense and diverse microbial communities of bioactivity importance. Four Gram positive bacterial cultures (HA-21, HA-68, HA-MS-105 and HA-MS-119) were isolated from the sponge Amphimedon ochracea, collected from the Red Sea coast of Egypt. Bacterial species were identified based on the phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences of their 16S rDNA genes. The Sequences similarity values of 98-100 % to other strains in the NCBI database showed strong similarities with the 16S rDNA genes of firmicutes (Bacillus sp.). The four bacterial species were submitted to the GenBank database and had accession numbers of: HA-21 [JQ768238]; HA-68 [JQ751264]; HA-MS-105[JQ768239]; HAMS-119 [JQ768240]. The cytotoxic activities of the bacterial isolates were tested against three established human cancer cell lines; HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma), HCT (colon carcinoma) and MCF-7 (breast carcinoma). The inhibitory effect on these cell lines, measured by MTT cell assay protocol, revealed promising cytotoxic activity of the four isolates (IC50 values (µg/ml) were: HA-21: 13.2, 9.3 and 12.2; HA-68: 10.42, 4.3 and 5.5; HA-MS-105: 46.9, 28.6 and 21.3; HAMS-119: 10.42, 6.3 and 22.1; respectively). This study reveals that that marine invertebrates remain a rich source for the isolation of culturable isolates capable of producing novel bioactive secondary metabolites.
