Simile is one of the two literary images that are commonly known and used for comparing two or more different objects or processes. It is only the manner of comparison that differs between the two devices, namely, simile and metaphor. This article will discuss simile as a poetic device that is not only found in poetry but also in music, especially one that takes the form of church hymns. In as much as there are various types of similes, this article only delves into one of the types, as they are found in the isiXhosa hymns of the two selected hymnals. Other types of similes include those based on people, natural objects, and similes expressed as rhetorical questions. However, this discussion only focuses on similes that are expressed as rhetorical questions.
The present paper is focused on design and development of soft computing decision making model to solve real life\ncomplex problems related with medical sciences.
It is well known that most of Breast cancer diagnosis characterization processes are entirely based on physician’s intuition and experience. Since diagnosis of breast cancer involves several layers of uncertainty and imprecision that makes traditional approaches inappropriate. In the present research paper we proposed a soft computing diagnostic support system for breast cancer. The proposed system is capable enough to capture ambiguous and imprecise information prevalent in breast cancer diagnosis. It is user friendly and will sharpen diagnostic skill of medical practitioners.
In this paper, a new method for solving a full fuzzy linear programming (FFLP) problems is proposed. This method is based on the fuzzy linear complementary\nproblem (FLCP). In fact, we consider a FFLP problem and use the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) optimality conditions to convert the FFLP to a FLCP,\nthen, we apply a ranking function and Lemke’s algorithm for solving the FLCP.\nThe new method solves the primal problem of FFLP and its dual, simultaneously.
In this study Jean-Jacques Rousseau views were evaluated about the foundations of education (objectives, programs, methods, teacher and student). In the current study method was descriptive – analytic. The question in this research was: what is Rousseau view about foundations education? Of the results of this study it can be concluded that Russo had a special view to the foundations of education, and Rousseau looked to education from the nature-oriented and humanistic views. Rousseau has been highlighted the following for foundations of education: Objective: The necessity of moral Education and its importance. Program: Familiarize students with a specific professional in the curriculum, including reading, writing, ethics, and game. Method: method is based on student understanding, attention to the student activities to encourage method and lack of discipline. Teacher and student: Teacher\'s attention to the talent and ability of students, attention to their activities, moderation by teachers, attention to individual differences in the students.
In this study al-Ghazali\'s views were evaluated about the foundations of education (objectives, programs, methods, teacher and student). In the current study method was descriptive – analytic. Of the results of this study it can be concluded that al-Ghazali had a special view to the foundations of education, and al-Ghazali looked to education from the perspective of religion. Ghazali\'s views in the field of foundations of education are as follows: Objectives: The necessity of moral education and its importance. Programs: Familiarize students with a specific professional in the curriculum, include: reading, writing, counting, ethics, games and music. Method: Methods is based on student understanding, attention to students’ activities in encourage method. Teacher and student: Teacher\'s attention to the talent and ability of students, attention to their activities, moderation by teachers, attention to individual differences, interest, willingness, students understanding.
Maintaining current high yields of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) grown in the Iran poses an environmental threat due to continued overuse of water. To reduce overreliance on inputs, future rapeseed breeding efforts should focus on improving tolerance of rapeseed to water utilizing appropriate tolerance mechanisms. In order to investigate water deficit effects on seed and oil yield and yield components in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars, an experiment was conducted at the research farm of the Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran between 2007 and 2009. The experimental design was randomized completely block with a split-plot arrangement with three replications: Four irrigation levels consisting of irrigation after 80 mm evaporation from class “A” pan as control, no irrigation from stem elongation stage, flowering stage and podding stage were applied in main plots and subplots which consisted of split application of cultivars at six levels (Licord, SLM046, Okapi, Orient, Zarfam and Opera). The result showed that rapeseed cultivars and water stress significantly (p ≤ 0.05) affected all traits. The least reduction (p ≤ 0.05) of seed yield in water deficit conditions was observed in Zarfam cultivar, which also showed lower oil yield decrease (p ≤ 0.05) and best adaptation under water stress conditions.
The purpose of this paper is to present an iterative algorithm based on the telescoping decomposition method\n(TDM) to obtain the numerical\nand analytical solutions of delay functional differential equations (DFDEs).\nTDM is a modified form\nof the well-known Adomian decomposition method\n(ADM). The main characteristic of the proposed method is to avoid calculating the Adomian polynomials. Also, some orthogonal polynomials are used to modify the method in order to decrease the computations and runtime of its algorithm. The structure, properties and advantages of the TDM are presented.\nSome illustrative linear and nonlinear experiments are given to show the validity\nof the proposed algorithm.
The major aim of present study was to analyze the impact of women’s education on maternal health care utilization in rural areas of District Gujrat, Pakistan. A survey was conducted in Union Council Kunjah of Tehsil Gujrat. A sample of 139 female respondents (delivered a baby having the age group of 6 weeks to 8 months) was drawn with the help of simple random sampling technique. Interview schedule was developed to collect relevant information from the respondents. Statistical test Tau-b and Gamma was used to test the hypothesis. A great significance was seen after the data analysis and interpretation between women’s education and maternal health care utilization among females in the selected rural union council of Gujrat District.
A web is a repository of millions of data. As years progress, tremendous improvement in technology leads to further increase in the amount of data present in the web. Query Classification is an important as well as a difficult problem in the field of information retrieval. Once the category to which query has to be mapped is known, a search engine can return more representative web pages to the users. A new approach to obtain the most prominent target categories for a query using intermediate categories from the directory knowledge and Normalized Web Distance (NWD) is proposed. Semantic relatedness using NWD, frequency and position of the intermediate categories are the factors used to determine the target categories of the given query. It was found that this approach when compared with manually classified dataset yields good results in terms of precision and recall
Learning the correspondences between letters and speech sounds of a language is a crucial step in reading acquisition. The perception of speech and the inherently linked lip movements (audiovisual speech) emerged simultaneously during evolution, shaping the brain for integrating this audiovisual information. This study was thus conducted EEG experiments to characterize the influence of visual orthography on the most robust auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) and focused the analysis on systematic variation of the auditory ERP as a function of visual orthography information. The subjects received auditory, visual, and audiovisual letters and were required to identify them, regardless of stimulus modality. Audiovisual letters included matching letters, in which the auditory and visual stimulus corresponded to each other based on previous experience, and nonmatching (randomly paired) letters. Meaningless auditory, visual, and audiovisual control stimuli were presented. The results showed that both non-phonetic and phonetic audiovisual interactions were found in the ERPs similar to the AV stimuli. The differences in the sum of the ERPs to the unimodal A and V stimuli and in ERPs to AV stimuli indicated interactions presumably based on temporal of the A and V components of the AV stimuli. The differences in the ERPs to the meaningful and meaningless of AV stimuli probably reflect multisensory interactions in phonetic processing.
Present study aimed at to explore the relationship between marital adjustment and style of mutual communication amongst the couples. Survey technique was employed for data collection. Two sub-scales ‘General Pattern of Adjustment’ and ‘Communication’ of Marital Adjustment Scale-Urdu (MAS-U) (Kazmi & Pervez, 2002) was used personally by the researcher in face to face fashion to collect the data. Convenient sample of 200 married women was taken from two cities of KPK i.e. Mansehra, and Abbottabad (Pakistan). It was hypothesized that; (1) better communication leads towards marital harmony and (2) the general pattern of marital adjustment is associated with mutual positive communication style. The results reveal that significant positive association exists between the general pattern of adjustment and mutual communication style of the couples (r =0.25; df =198; p<0.01). Study offers various further directions to explore the issue of marital adjustment. \nKey Words: Marital adjustment, marital harmony, Married women, Communication, General pattern of adjustment.
The temperature control in plastic extrusion system is a crucial process, which is an important factor to produce high quality plastic products. The plastic extrusion model is a first order non linear system has multiple stages coupled with each other and comprises a long delay time, large time constant and undesirable overshoot. To acquire a solution to the problem of difficulty to control temperature in process industries, a new adaptive control strategy, microcontroller based neuro fuzzy controller is proposed. The software incorporates Matlab simulink and real time control algorithm has been developed using PIC 16F877A microcontroller. The proposed method hardware test results are compared with that of the simulated results. The results obtained conclude that the use of proposed controller improve the process in terms of time domain specification, set point tracking and rejection of disturbances more effectively and rapidly with optimum stability for the temperature control in plastic extrusion system.
3,6-dichloropyridazine (1) reacted with 2-aminophenol, phenylalanine, acetophenone hydrazone derivatives, acid hydrazide derivatives and aminoarom acids (anthranilic acid and 5-bromoanthranilic acid), and yield the compounds (2), (3), (4a,b), (5a,b) and (6a,b) respectively. Reaction of compounds (5a,b) with acid hydrazide gave (8a,b). Also, compounds (6a,b) were reacted with aromatic amino acid and gave (7a-c).
