The aim of this research article is to examine language borrowing in Mqapheli Mngadi’s cartoons, and this is done by considering loan-words as one of the language borrowing processes. While the study adopts ethnography of communication as the main theory, to guide the analysis of the qualitatively textually analysed data, the study is conceptually grounded on socio-stylistics. This is because one of its aims is to critically evaluate the socio-stylistic significance of language borrowing in Mngadi’s selected editorial cartoons. The findings of the study demonstrate that Mngadi employs loan-words to artistically depict context, culture and setting in his cartoons. It was also discovered that the cartoonist, in some instances, uses loan words because there are no isiZulu equivalents. On the same note, he uses them when a more suitable word is preferred, so that the cartoons are more relatable.
This work reports a qualitative study, with a case study and comparative analysis type of research. The unit of analysis is the case to compare of Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo based on their sporting careers, from their debut as professionals until the month of August 2023, associated with information manipulation in sports journalism in the press, web and TV. The results suggest that, although it is true that sports statistics favor Lionel Messi compared to Cristiano Ronaldo, the opinion of journalists in the media is influencing the generation of imaginaries that are far from what the statistics reflect, and concludes in misinformation. It is necessary to consolidate the ethical treatment of the information resulting from the analysis within the framework of the comparison of sports trajectories.
Abstract\nThe residual income valuation model is an alternative model to the discounted cash flow method or valuation based on multiples in determining a company’s value. It decomposes the company’s value into two imaginative parts: (1) the real assets of the company. It is assumed that these assets are leased to the company at a certain rate of return. (2) The present value of the future “Residual Incomes”. Residual income refers to the income part which is achieved above the expected return on the real assets (the previously mentioned first part). Thus we examined the effects of discounted residual income (DRI) on stock price of companies listed in Tehran Security Exchange (TSE) by method curve fitting with sinusoidal functions. Our sample includes 1920 firm- year of companies listed in TSE during the period 2005-2010. The results show that there is a significant relationship between discounted residual income and firm’s value and we can predict stock price by discounted residual model. Also the result shows that if we use method curve fitting with sinusoidal functions for fitting model, we can regress the best model and the predicting power of model will increase.
RNAa is an emerging biological discovery involving double-stranded RNAs that target promoter regions in chromosomal DNA resulting in transcriptional activation of genes. The transcriptional activation or up-regulation of genes results in an increase in mRNA and protein production. Accordingly, this technology may have applications in a range of human disorders such as certain genetic diseases and cancer where the aberrant low expression of certain proteins is known to occur. In this article, The History of RNAa discovery, main mechanism of RNA activation and its applications were reviewed.
Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been proven as an excellent data-oriented efficiency analysis method when there are multiple inputs and outputs in a set of decision making units (DMUs). In conventional DEA we assume that the produced outputs are perfect and they are considered as final outputs. However, in real applications, there are systems in which their produced outputs are possibly imperfect and defective. These outputs enter the system as inputs once again and after rebuilding, they will be completed. The present paper proposes a modification on the standard DEA model to incorporate such an imperfect outputs. Numerical example is used to demonstrate the approach.
Although tea may exert opposing influences on chronic disease, information on the balance and suitable of tea intake and food insecurity are important factors for overall diet quality, particularly in Iran, who have a much higher hot-tea drinking than north (Gillan) populations. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to test the hypothesis that hot-tea drinking and food insecurity could be creates esophageal cancer among women in the north of Iran (Gilan Province). The subjects were 710 women aged 40 to 70 years (210 women has the esophageal cancer), they are selected randomly in the Gilan Province of the north of Iran. The food insecurity (such as hunger and hidden hunger) in the province according to the 24-hour food-recall questionnaire was 29.8% and 46.2%, respectively. Only 27% of the study population was secure in terms of having access to all key nutrients. The accuracy of the questionnaire for screening for hunger in the population was 93.3%, respectively; and the corresponding value for hidden hunger was 87.6. Our findings indicate that the over 91 % of selected people (that have the esophageal cancer) and over 70 % of the selected people (that have not the esophageal cancer) drink the hot tea, and all selected women has suffered from the esophageal pains. Average value of the esophageal cancer predicted using fuzzy cognitive maps is equal to 83% (for 36 monthes).
It is commonly recognized that knowledge is the only source of core competence of Environmental Projects in the knowledge based companies, but the productivity rate of knowledge workers is always Low. Based on knowledge workers’ characteristics, in this paper, first, factors effective in evaluation of environmental projects risk are identified using the literature and categorized in four groups: technical, environmental, economic and social. Next, using Delphi method, the criteria related to the factors were selected for Drug Industries. Accordingly, some of the criteria identified using previous studies were omitted. Using the criteria and fuzzy AHP composition of environmental projects risk in the Drug industries was identified. On the basis of the results, Very High, High, Medium, Low and Very Low risk in the environmental projects in Drug Industries. It is hoped that this paper will help Environmental Projects managers to implement different corresponding measures. A case study is presented where this model measures and validates at the Drug industries.
Quality of Service (QoS) is an important issue that should be addressed to provide acceptable level of service to the mobile nodes. The assumption is that mobile nodes require the same quality of services as fixed nodes. However, due to the mobility feature within a mobile network, it is difficult to achieve this goal. Besides, routing methods in a mobile IPv6 network deliver packets from a correspondent node to the mobile node and vice versa via specific tunnel. In the tunnel, packets are encapsulated and routers do not have any access to the original packets. This results in the situation where resource reservation cannot be handled at the routers. For this purpose, a new cross layer design called Resource Reservation over Mobile Application (ROMA) is proposed. In this design, a traffic engineering is also proposed to improve network end-to-end delay. It allows a fraction of traffic to exceed QoS requirements. Simulation is used to evaluate the proposed approach by considering parameters such as link throughput, and end-to-end delay. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach enhances the end-to-end delay, while maximizing the link throughput in comparison with recent works.
The present study is an attempt to compare collocation in Persian language within the perspective of cognitive linguistics. In general, collocation can be identified as “compatibility among grammatical categories on companion speech chain. From the perspective of the present study, collocation is juxtaposition of words with a traditional and unique nature influenced by possible universals and speakers’ mutual spaces. The common (standard) collocation is described as combination of commonly-used words. Familiarity with collocation conditions creates an interrelation between mind and peripheral phenomenon. This means that our previous experiences help us choose collocation words on the one hand, and phenomena direct our choices on the other. In learning process, the knowledge of collocation can be effective and the lack of acquaintance with principals and words combination process(method) might create difficulties for new learner. The collocation phenomena are abundantly utilized to edit dictionaries as well.\n The aim of this study is to basically investigate traditional methods of collocation classification in order to identify this phenomena in practical (functional) and cognitive manners, and also to reveal that this approach includes more descriptive performance(usage).
