Objective: to identify the perception of primary care health professionals about child development. Methodology: Clipping from an action research carried out with 59 health professionals, seven doctors, ten dentists and 42 nurses who worked in Primary Care in a city in the central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Data were collected from April to July 2021, through an online questionnaire and analyzed according to Discursive Textual Analysis. Two categories emerged: Child development: acquisition of skills and factors that influence it; Child development: transformations established according to time frames. It is considered that child development translates as the acquisition of skills related to different dimensions of the child, and these are influenced by internal and external factors that will significantly affect the quality of life. It depends on the environment in which the child is inserted, the relationships established and genetics.
The seed quality attributes relates to seminal physical (biomass and size), physiological (germination and vigor), genetic and health. Agave salmiana Otto ex Salm-Dyck propagates mostly asexually, although each plant produces hundreds of viable seeds. The objective in this study was to evaluate the physical characteristics and physiological quality of A. salmiana seeds from two Mexican regions. Seeds were collected at the Estado de M�xico (central M�xico) and San Luis Potos� (central Highland plateau) states, M�xico. Seed humidity and 100 seed biomass did not vary (p ? 0.05) among seed collections. Nevertheless, seed width, and length were different (p ? 0.05) among collects. Seed germination start (60 h), maximum cumulative seed germination at 25 �C and in total darkness, and cumulative maximum seedling emergence (with an exception) did not significantly vary among sites. The Dickson (3.14 x 10-4 to 5.93 x 10-4) and slenderness indexes (? 6) showed seedling quality. This last index positively correlated with seedling size (R2 = 0.9979 and 0.9989; p ? 0.05). The physical quality, in contrast to the physiological quality in A. salmiana seeds depends from the harvesting region, with few character exceptions; but, regardless of their development site, A. salmiana seeds are a potential resource for obtaining plants.
The present study has been conducted with two main questions: Does using mobile phones by intermediate EFL learners have a significant effect on the learners\' vocabulary retention? And is there a significant difference between male and female intermediate EFL learners in vocabulary retention while using mobile phones? This study was a true experimental research and to do the research 111 students (55 male, 56 female) using the piloted PET test were selected from among 150 students (75 male, 75 female). All the students were studying in grade three of Iranian high school. They were divided into four groups: two experimental groups (one male and one female) and two control groups (one male and one female). \nTo test the two null-hypotheses of the study after pre-test both the experimental and the control groups received the same instruction and then were tested (pos-test 1). Then the control groups received paper and pencil activities to do out of the classroom and the experimental groups received the same activities via their mobile phones using SMS. The researcher –made vocabulary test was administered to all groups (post-test 2). After one month using the researcher-made vocabulary test all groups were tested to measure the amount of the vocabulary retention (post-test 3). Results and findings of the study are here: Using mobile phones by intermediate EFL learners have a significant effect on the learners\' vocabulary retention and there is no significant difference between male and female intermediate EFL learners in vocabulary retention while using mobile phones.\n\nKeywords: Mobile phones , cell phones , English Language , Vocabulary
Urban green spaces play a critical role in maintaining biodiversity within rapidly expanding coastal cities. This study evaluates the ecological benefits of urban parks and gardens, focusing on native plant species and their contribution to supporting local wildlife. Using field surveys and remote sensing data from coastal areas in Spain, the research identifies key factors that enhance biodiversity in urban green spaces. The findings suggest that strategic planning and management of these areas can significantly improve urban biodiversity, providing a refuge for native species and enhancing the ecological resilience of cities.
This study explores the effects of urban expansion on biodiversity within coastal ecosystems, focusing on the loss of native species and the introduction of invasive species. Utilizing a combination of satellite imagery analysis and field surveys, the research assesses changes in species richness and abundance across various coastal regions. The findings highlight significant biodiversity loss in areas with high urban development, emphasizing the need for sustainable urban planning to mitigate negative impacts on coastal ecosystems.
The present research study was designed to characterize the antifungal activity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) and FTIR spectra analysis of various extracts of seabuckthorn leaves (SBL). Aqueous, methanol and ethanol extract zone of inhibition ranging from 09 – 16mm, acetone extract showed activity against two fungus F. oxysporum (12 ±1mm) and A. alternata (09 ± 0mm). While ethyl acetate, chloroform and n-hexane were found no zone of inhibition. The maximum and minimum MIC values for aqueous, methanol, ethanol and acetone extract were 80 – 180mg/ml. The MFC value for aqueous, methanol, ethanol and acetone extract were in ranging from 140 - 360mg/ml. F. oxysporum and A. paraciticus was the most susceptible fungus tested and P. digitatum was the most resistant fungus tested against SBL extract. The FTIR spectra of the SBL extract revealed the presence of different functional groups ranging from OH stretching for hydroxyl group, alkanes (C-H), alkenes(C=C), aromatic rings (C=O), carboxylic (C=O) and amides (aromatic).
This paper mainly investigates the optimum parameters for the fabrication of uniform Diamond-like Carbon (DLC) film on the electron cyclotron resonance plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (ECR-PECVD) by analyzing the effect of the reacting gas velocity on the film properties. In order to ensure that the film capability both in protecting the lens module of infrared detection system and also not interfering the system normal operation, this work makes use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach to evaluate the uniformity, the deposition rate, and the conversion efficiency of the film at the substrate. In order to provide further understanding of adjusting the parameters involved in the fabrication process, this work has constructed the modeling of surface chemical reactions, flow and temperature fields, as well as heat and mass transfer phenomena. Simulation has shown that, under the combined influence of nature convection effect and mass transfer effect on the reactor, the flow field within the reactor recirculating flow and therefore affects the distribution of material deposition. In other words, the results of attach the endplate at the top of the substrate, the deposition rate of the substrate will available enhanced. However, the surface uniformity of the substrate is obviously less. Moreover, if the length of endplate is between 0.045m~0.085m, the uniformity of surface can be better, but when the length of endplate is too long, it will create uniformity of poor addition. In addition, both of opening gap and increase the diameter of the hole on the baffle, although the film can effectively improve the uniformity of surface, but not conducive to deposition rate.
The superficial aquifer of Ain Djacer is located within the alluvial deposits of Mio-Plio-Quaternary clays, underlain by a substratum of marls and gypsum. The Ain Djacer plain is bowl-shaped due to a syncline, causing convergent water flow towards the center. The groundwater is characterized by high sodium chloride content, correlating with the local geology. Salinity is predominantly controlled by chlorides, sulfates, and sodium. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis reveals three distinct water groups, where salinity increases along the flow direction: group 1 > group 2 > group 3. This pattern is attributed to ion exchange processes and the influence of saline deposits. The study highlights the significance of statistical analysis in understanding hydrochemical processes, identifying evaporation mineral dissolution as a key factor affecting groundwater quality.
In order to develop ornithological science, collection and interpretation of field data on different aspects of birds’ life seem imperative. However, such studies are scanty in the Indian subcontinent. In this study, attempts have been made to understand the breeding behaviour of the Oriental Magpie Robin (Copsychus saularis), a tropical song bird. Observations were made on ringed individuals using binoculars and still camera during 2008-10 in different orchards of district Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India. Results revealed that the breeding season of the Oriental Magpie Robin ranged from March to August. Males delivered dawn chorus 38.2±9.1 minutes before sunrise during breeding season. Males used continuous and discrete songs which seemed to play roles in inter- and intrasexual communication respectively. The bird nested in the cavities found in a variety of tree species such as Mangifera indica, Pyrus pyrifolia, Eriobotrya japonica, Syzygium cumini, Neolamarckia cadamba, Morus alba etc. Nest building was performed by female and nest building period averaged 13.7±3.6 days. Clutch size averaged 4.8±0.8 eggs. Egg size and weight averaged 21.61 x 16.85 mm and 3.2±0.1 g respectively. Female developed the brood patch and incubated eggs for a mean of 12.4±0.5 days. Both sexes fed the young. Inter- and intra-specific fights for nesting cavities were common in the study area suggesting nest site scarcity for hole-nesting birds mainly due to habitat destruction. We nailed wooden nest boxes in the study area which were easily selected by Oriental Magpie Robin for nesting.
