The purpose of this research is to evaluate the vegetation and plant diversity in the northern sector of the Eastern Desert in relation to edaphic factors at three wadis (Wadi Hagoul, Wadi El-Rashrash, and Wadi Al-Atfihi). The total number of the recorded plant species surveyed in the present study is 87 species (31 annuals, two biennial and 54 perennials) belonging to 70 genera and related to 27 families. Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae and Chenopodiaceae are leading taxa and constitute the major bulk of the flora of the study area. The majority of the recorded species are therophytes (37.93%) followed by chamaephytes (32.18%). Chorological analysis of the surveyed flora (Table 2) revealed that, 67 species represented by 77.02% of the total number of recorded species are Saharo-Sindian taxa. In the present study, the application of TWINSPAN classification on the importance values (out of 200) of 87 plant species representing, led to the recognition of four vegetation groups. Among the most common plants you\'ll come across are Ochradenus baccatus, Retama raetam, Zygophyllum coccineum and Zilla spinosa. In the northern part of the Eastern Desert, the distribution of flora is mostly determined by soil physical qualities, soil salinity, and human activities.
Sepsis remains one of the most common diseases occurring during the neonatal period, and is still a significant cause of morbidity and mortality (1), despite considerable advances in hygiene, the introduction of new antimicrobial agents and advanced measures for early diagnosis. This accounts for 13-15% of deaths during the neonatal period, with this figure being higher in developing countries with rates of 30-50%. Sepsis-related mortality is prevented with rational antimicrobial therapy, nutrition, and aggressive supportive care. The general objective of the article produced here was to carry out a literature review on the diagnosis by molecular methodology of bacterial resistance in strata of Staphylococcus epidermides, in the blood of newborns with suspected bacterial resistance or not.
Background: Metalloid arsenic (As) is a proven human carcinogen. The As (III), As (V), and inorganic oxyanions are the most prevalent As species observed in natural waters. While sodium arsenate (Na3 AsO4) and sodium arsenite (NaAsO 2) have higher solubilities in water than arsenic trioxide and arsenic acid (H3 AsO 4), respectively. \nObjective: Molecular characterization of arsenite oxidizing bacteria \nMethods: In this investigation, materials were collected from Mathura and Ghaziabad in north India and streaked on a chemically defined medium containing sodium arsenite shows the growth of two γ-Proteobacteria. \nResult: The two strains (AOB-GPI and AOB-MTI) were identified Gram Negative. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis strains AOB-GPI and AOB-MTI revealed highest homology of 98% - 99% to Cronobacter sakazakii and Acinetobacter sp. respectively. To the best of our knowledge the native bacterial isolates have potential to oxidize arsenite and are reported for the first time for the presence of arsenite oxidase (AroA, AroB) and arsenite transporter (arsB,ACR3) gene. Acinetobacter sp. strain (AOB-GPI) and Cronobacter sp. strain (AOB-MTI) sequences were determined, and they were deposited in the Gene-Bank under accession numbers KR069103 and KR069104, respectively. Under aerobic circumstances, the stain Acinetobacter sp. oxidised the arsenite at a concentration of 10 mM and 15 mM for Cronobacter sp. in 24 hours. Conclusion : Our research demonstrates that these two isolated strains can be employed as a bioremediation alternative to remove arsenic from arsenic-contaminated water.
In this paper, firstly, Alphafold2 was used to calculate the three-dimensional structure (predicting structure) of three proteins 2LY9, 6Y4F and 6YJ1, and compared with the protein structure (experimental structure) published by NCBI. Then, the quality of predicting structure was evaluated. The results showed that the RMSD values of the predicting structure were less than 3 Å, which was indicated that the difference distance between the predicted structure and the experimental structure was less than 0.3nm. TM score was higher than 0.5, which showed that the predicting structure by Alphafold2 had similar folding structure with the experimental structure. The ramachandran plot showed that the residues in most favoured regions [A,B,L], in additional allowed regions [a,b,l,p] and in generously allowed regions [~a,~b,~l,~p] was accounted for more than 90% of the whole number of non-glycine and non-proline residues. The above results showed that the function of predicting three-dimensional structure of protein by Alphafold2 was very highly accurate. Subsequently, Alphafold2 was used to predict the three-dimensional structure of protein related to auxin synthesis, and the stereo chemical quality of protein structure was checked through residue geometry and overall geometry. The ramachandran plot showed that the residues in most favoured regions [A,B,L], in additional allowed regions [a,b,l,p] and in generously allowed regions [~a,~b,~l,~p] was accounted for more than 90% of the whole number of non-glycine and non-proline residues. Therefore, the predicted structure by Alphafold2 could highly be as the experimental structure of protein.
This work explores the influence of pH on the chromatic coordinates in the CIELab color space of four synthetic dyes widely used in the wool textile industry: Blue 2R, Yellow 4GN, Red 2B, and Bordeaux B (CAS no. 70209-96-0, 72479-28-8, 72017-66-4, and 52333-30-9, respectively). Due to the presence of at least one sulfonic group in the chemical structures, the chromatic coordinates change as the acidity of the aqueous medium increases in all cases. For Blue 2R and Bordeaux B in solution, chromatic coordinates in CIELab were predicted by Partial Least Squares Regression from absorption spectra and pH. Variations between Partial Least Squares Regression-estimated and CIELab color space coordinates have led to errors of less than 1 % in all cases. On the other hand, Soft Independent Modeling by Class Analogy was used to differentiate the dyes in aqueous media from absorption spectra regardless of pH. Thus, it is demonstrated the predictive capacity offered by multivariate mathematical tools such as Partial Least Squares Regression or Soft Independent Modeling by Class Analogy. However, there is still much to explore in the binomial chromatic coordinates-chemometrics.
SO2 emissions from different industrial activities including production of electricity from power plants as well as, metallurgical and cement factories, to name a few, are undesired due to this chemical’s harmful effects. Many processes to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions have been developed. Amongst these processes, direct dry sorbent injection is a relatively simple and low-cost process. In the current study, a two dimensional CFD investigation of the Direct Sulfation Process is presented. This model accounted for the process taking place in a fixed bed reactor. Effects of important operating parameters including the temperature, concentration and pressure were studied in this work. It was shown that these variables significantly affected this process. In other words, direct sulfation was shown to be controlled by both the chemical reaction as well as, diffusion phenomena. The diffusivity in the product layer demonstrated to be highly depended upon temperature while no such dependence on the sulfation degree was determined.
This paper presents a new method to enhance transient stability. The proposed method deals with line congestion reduction to enhance system stability. In this method, the reactive demands are supplied via locally reactive sources and in turn, line transmission power is reduced. By reducing line transmission congestion, system stability margin is increased. Placement of locally reactive sources is performed based on the well known algorithms so called reactive power planning.
In this paper, a new denitions of lower and upper approximations via ideal have been introduced. These new definitions are compared with Pawlak\'s, Yao\'s and Allam\'s definitions. It\'s therefore shown that the current denitions are more generally. It\'s shown that the present method decreases the boundary region and we get a topology finer than Allam\'s one which is a generalization of that obtained by Yao\'s method. In addition, T1 topological spaces are obtained by relations and ideals which are not discrete.
Abstract\nToday, information technology as an emerging phenomenon has a special place in the world. Expansion of information and communication technology causes changes in many different fields, including the electronic city, municipalities and citizens. Electronic city and municipality require basic enterprise architecture. Enterprise Architecture is designed as a process based on the optimal architecture of electronics city. In order to develop electronic city, we should use enterprise architecture maturity. Therefore, one of the important needs of organizations is the choice of activities according to the existing constraints. The studies show that there is a close relation between information technology, enterprise architecture and the electronic city. The purpose of this research is to explain the concept of information technology, enterprise architecture and electronics city and what relationship they have with together. Do information technology, enterprise architecture and electronic city require each other?\nKeywords: Information Technology, Enterprise Architecture, Electronics City, Enterprise Architecture Maturity Model
This paper expands a Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO) fuzzy estimator variable structure control (VSC) which controller coefficient is on-line tuned by fuzzy backstepping algorithm. The main goal is to guarantee acceptable trajectories tracking between the internal combustion engine (IC engine) air to fuel ratio and the desired input. The fuzzy controller in proposed fuzzy estimator variable structure controller is based on Lyapunov fuzzy inference system (FIS) with minimum model based rule base. The input represents the function between variable structure function, error and the rate of error. The outputs represent fuel ratio, respectively. The fuzzy backstepping methodology is on-line tune the variable structure function based on adaptive methodology. The performance of the MIMO fuzzy estimator VSC which controller coefficient is on-line tuned by fuzzy backstepping algorithm (FBAFVSC) is validated through comparison with VSC and proposed method. Simulation results signify good performance of fuel ratio in presence of uncertainty and external disturbance.
Refer to this research, a position on-line fuzzy sliding gain scheduling sliding mode control (AFSGSMC) design and application to internal combustion engine has proposed in order to design high performance nonlinear controller in the presence of uncertainties and external disturbance. Even though, sliding mode controller (SMC) is used in wide range areas but it has the following disadvantages: chattering and equivalent dynamic formulation. The fuzzy on-line tuneable sliding function in fuzzy sliding mode controller is based on Mamdani’s fuzzy inference system (FIS) and it has one input and one output. The input represents the function between sliding function, error and the rate of error. The outputs represent the dynamic estimator to estimate the nonlinear dynamic equivalent in supervisory fuzzy sliding mode algorithm. The fuzzy sliding mode methodology is on-line tune the sliding function based on self tuning coefficient methodology. The performance of the AFSGSMC is validated through comparison with previously developed IC engine controller based on sliding mode control theory (SMC). Simulation results signify good performance of fuel ratio in presence of uncertainty and external disturbance.
Drawing on the concept of movement Aristotle, proves the existence of a first unmoved mover calling it God. Concerning God, he admits attributes such as being a mover by way of being a beloved, intellection, knowledge, eternity, total actuality and the most perfect being. However he is skeptic about unity or plurality of the unmoved mover, though he finally proves, by relying on the astrology of his time, the existence of forty-nine unmoved movers. He occasionally calls all these unmoved movers as ‘first unmoved movers’, though he sometimes calls only one of them as the first and another as second, third etc. The main concern in this paper is to illustrate the meaning of ‘first’ in Aristotle’s words. \n Criticizing some theories and probabilities, the paper points out that ‘first’ is used in two manners and consequently in two senses: to tell about the unmoved movers without considering their interrelations and to tell about the unmoved movers while considering their interrelations. The unmoved movers are all ‘first’ in the first sense because they are all the sources of the first movement in the first spheres which are first along with their movements, compared to earth and its movements. However, they are not altogether first in the second sense, for the spheres are in different spatial orders (first, second etc.) in relation with each other and thus the source of the movement of the first sphere is called the first mover, that of the second sphere the second mover and so on.
