Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common and ubiquitous pulmonary pathogen of human which cause successfully unscrupulous infections in the patients with suppressed immune system of every age group and considered as the first or second key pathogen in supreme researches. Majority of the mortality and morbidity was caused by this pathogen every year globally due to several virulence factors and higher rates of significant infections. The most lethal and persistent pathogen that caused the acute ventilator acquired pneumonia (VAP) disease is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The Quorum sensing (QS) system is present in Pseudomonas aeruginosa which act as the regulator which regulates the expression of various virulence factors. The current study was established to detect the las R gene associated with acute pulmonary infections in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The samples include secretions (Endotracheal tract) and Blood samples from patients of acute Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) were provided by Microbiology lab of GCU Lahore. Total 5 strains of P.aeruginosa were selected as most virulent strains after confirmatory test of antibiotic sensitivity and virulence assays. Later these pathogenic strains of P. aeruginosa were used for Ribotyping of gene lasR. PCR products results and sequence analysis results after BLAST at NCBI confirmed 100% presence of lasR in the genome of P.aeruginosa strains which are involved in multiple virulence factors and responsible for acute pulmonary infections. In the current study the contribution of lasR gene of pathogenic P.aeruginosa responsible for acute pulmonary infections was investigated.
Biosensors incorporating miniature and high-sensitivity cantilevers are increasingly popular nowadays as part of the evolution of the Lab-on-Chip platforms with micro and nano-dimensions. Even though these sensors are operated in non-isothermal environments, the temperature is often neglected in mathematical investigations. Besides, no single layer cantilevers are adequate for biosensor design. But the effect of temperature increased with the surface to volume ratio as it is likely to be more dominant in Nano-Electro-Mechanical-Systems. Insight of this result, the mathematical modelling includes temperature and the associated material properties. This paper proposes the use of a simple analytical approach to analyze the control of bi-metallic cantilevers using NEMS based sensing and actuating mechanisms.The prominent mathematical equation models were derived and solved using methodological approaches. There is a significant correlation between all the other works investigated and the multivariate statistical data that affects their functioning has been identified. The simulation results examined using FEA comparisons and experimental studies shows mathematical model\'s predictions are more than 20% accurate
The aim was to characterize the echotexture of the different structures within the scrotal bag in rams. Three studies that included 43 rams were conducted. The experiments considered the effect of age; sexual activity; and the presence of injuries. Ultrasound sections (US) were made with the Mindray® equipment. Fourteen US per animal were performed, in addition, testicular weight and diameter were considered. It was found that pubertal males showed greater echogenicity (p <0.05) in both testes and prepubertal males (p <0.05) in both epididymis. The right pampiniform plexus of prepubertal males showed the highest echogenicity (p <0.05), but pubertal males it was higher in both (p <0.05). Rams with sexual activity showed the highest values (p<0.05). In non-mating animals, the highest values were found in the epididymis (p<0.05). Rams with injuries presented higher values (p <0.05) in both testicles. In the pampiniform plexuses, males without injuries presented the highest values (p<0.05). A high correlation was found between variables considered. The echotexture in rams is affected by age, presence of injuries and sexual activity. In addition, the evaluation of testicular health in rams could be carried out in a simple and practical way where only some ultrasound sections are included.
The subject of this work is intended to give an overview of some important classes of operators semigroups, frequently used in many applications. In Part 1 we consider the so called C₀ semigroups managed by the Hille-Yosida Theorem and the Lumer Phillips Theorem (see [6])\n Part 2 is devoted to a special class of semigroups of operators S_{t},t≥0, called Markov semigroups and acting on the Banach space C(X) of all real continuous functions on compact metric space X. Such semigroups are closely related to the notion of transition function also called markovian kernel [4].\n Part 3 contains a somewhat detailed description of the important class of contraction C₀ semigroups and their generators properties. For such semigroups operating on Hilbert spaces, we point out an interesting property of their extension (dilation) by a unitary group of operators.
