Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common and ubiquitous pulmonary pathogen of humans, causing unscrupulous infections in patients with suppressed immune systems across all age groups. It is considered a key pathogen in numerous studies. This pathogen is responsible for significant mortality and morbidity globally due to several virulence factors and high rates of infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is notably lethal and persistent, causing acute ventilator-acquired pneumonia (VAP). The Quorum Sensing (QS) system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa regulates the expression of various virulence factors. This study aimed to detect the lasR gene associated with acute pulmonary infections in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Samples, including endotracheal tract secretions and blood from patients with VAP, were provided by the Microbiology Lab of GCU Lahore. Five strains of P. aeruginosa were identified as highly virulent after confirmatory tests for antibiotic sensitivity and virulence assays. These pathogenic strains were used for ribotyping of the lasR gene. PCR products and sequence analysis using BLAST at NCBI confirmed the 100% presence of the lasR gene in the genome of P. aeruginosa strains involved in multiple virulence factors responsible for acute pulmonary infections. This study investigates the contribution of the lasR gene in pathogenic P. aeruginosa responsible for acute pulmonary infections.

Biosensors incorporating miniature and high-sensitivity cantilevers are increasingly popular nowadays as part of the evolution of the Lab-on-Chip platforms with micro and nano-dimensions. Even though these sensors are operated in non-isothermal environments, the temperature is often neglected in mathematical investigations. Besides, no single layer cantilevers are adequate for biosensor design. But the effect of temperature increased with the surface to volume ratio as it is likely to be more dominant in Nano-Electro-Mechanical-Systems. Insight of this result, the mathematical modelling includes temperature and the associated material properties. This paper proposes the use of a simple analytical approach to analyze the control of bi-metallic cantilevers using NEMS based sensing and actuating mechanisms. The prominent mathematical equation models were derived and solved using methodological approaches. There is a significant correlation between all the other works investigated and the multivariate statistical data that affects their functioning has been identified. The simulation results examined using FEA comparisons and experimental studies shows mathematical model's predictions are more than 20% accurate.

This study investigates the effects of urbanization on the diversity and abundance of pollinators across metropolitan ecosystems. By examining urban, suburban, and rural landscapes, we assessed pollinator species richness and the availability of floral resources. Our findings indicate that urban environments support unique pollinator communities, with some species thriving due to increased floral diversity in urban gardens. However, overall pollinator abundance is reduced in highly urbanized areas, highlighting the need for conservation strategies that enhance green spaces and connectivity. These results underscore the importance of urban planning that integrates biodiversity conservation to support pollinator ecosystems.

This study investigates the effects of climate change on the phenological patterns of alpine plant species across different altitudes. By analyzing long-term observational data, we identify shifts in flowering and fruiting times, which may have significant implications for ecosystem dynamics and species interactions. Our findings highlight the importance of adaptive management strategies to mitigate the impacts of changing climatic conditions on alpine biodiversity.