The impact of the standard of living on dietary adequacy of university youth was assessed, using a clustered multi-stage stratified random sample and a questionnaire \"FFQ\" was applied online, as 35% of the Egyptian population are within age15-35yrs. Due to extended Covid-19 epidemic era and consequently a low response rate, the number of respondents was 38 university male students, from a state university (Zagazig University), in an agricultural governorate, representing a low income category and a private university (Future University), in Cairo, representing high income category. The criterium was the average deficit or surplus percent of daily per capita food consumption considering the Recommended dietary allowance. The results indicated that the university youth of less income households showed a deficit of 11%, 29% and 5% in daily food-intake of Calories, Protein and Lipids and the youth of high- income households showed a surplus of 20%, 14% and 31%, respectively. Results were statistically significant using Welsh t-test. The study concluded that both categories suffer from malnutrition, but the rich category was due to less nutrition education and simulation of the western countries dietary pattern (Fast-food) and not for lacking income. While the rich category represents a small portion of the population but holds a high portion of purchase power that accelerates the increase in food prices, leading to deep the malnutrition of the majority category that holding much less portion of purchase power. Dietary Fe adequacy showed significant surplus of 18% and 45% in food-intake of both less income and high-income category. However, such surplus wouldn\'t protect youth from anemic diseases, as the beverages share in their dietary pattern was high. Such unfavorite nutritional attitude could be treated via an orientation program concerning nutrition education to develop the awareness of university youth towards health diet and practicing physical fitness.
The sandwich pipe is a pipeline concept and consists of two concentric steel pipes separated by and affixed to a polymeric annulus, which provides the sufficient structural strength. The designing sandwich pipe is a very complex problem in the current scenario. The usage of sandwich pipes is increased for water depth beyond 1500 m. Modelling of pipes is done using CATIA V5 software. Static analysis is done in ANSYS to determine the deformation by applying pressure on both the inner and outer pipe. In this paper, the static analysis is done in ANSYS to determine the deformation by applying pressure on both the inner and outer pipe. Deformation capacity is one of the essential criteria for a deepwater pipeline. The objective of this paper is to determine the optimum combination of input parameters using Taguchi analysis.
Background: The biochemical role of the vitamin D (VD) endocrine system, in particular its potential anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating properties increased the interest in its potential role in prevention and control of the diabetes mellitus. Aim: This study is intended to evaluate the potential therapeutic efficacy of VD in averting the detrimental effects of both types of diabetes mellitus. Main methods: A total of fifty male Wistar rats (six-weeks-old) were allotted into 5 groups: placebo group injected ip with citrate buffer (pH 4.5); nongenetic model type 1 diabetic rats group(T1D), injected with single dose of streptozotocin (STZ; 65 mg/kg, ip); nongenetic model type 2 diabetic rats group (T2D), given a combination of short term high fat diet (HFD) feeding followed by low single dose of STZ (35 mg/kg, ip); the fourth group was gastro-gavaged with VD, vidropR (1000 IU/kg) three days after induction of T1D and continued daily through out the experiment and the fifth group was gastro-gavaged with VD (1000 IU/kg) three days after induction of T2D and continued daily through out the experiment. The Experimental period was lasted for 60 successive days. Key findings: Results revealed that, VD decreased FPG, ketoacidosis, interleukin-6, HOMA-IR of insulin resistance and increased FPI, ISOGTT index of insulin sensitivity and IGI/IR of β–cell function. Significance: These results show that VD ameliorated and mitigated the deleterious biochemical impacts of diabetes mellitus probably by increased insulin secretion, sensitivity and ameliorate β-cell function as well as decreased proinflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance.
Abstract\n Lemon grass, thyme and rose essential oils have been found to have inhibitory effects against the mycelial growth of Aspergillus niger under in vitro conditions. Results indicated that all essential oils treatments significantly reduced the linear growth of A. niger. Complete reduction was obtained with thyme and lemongrass at concentration of 0.5%. Moreover, essential oils used to coat seeds and sown in soil drenched with B. subtilis resulted in a significant reduction of crown rot incidence of peanut, at both pre- and post-emergence stages under field conditions. Rose, thyme and lemongrass in descending order could reduce the incidence of crown rot at both pre-and post-emergence stages at the two successive growing seasons 2011 and 2012. Higher protective effect against crown rot incidence at both pre- and post-emergence growth stages was observed when essential oils integrated with B. subtilis as an applied soil treatment than that of individual applied treatment. Also Rhizolex-T as seed treatment could significantly reduce disease incidence over the control treatment. As for the harvested yield, all treatments were significantly higher than that in the control treatment. The treatments of essential oils as seed dressing plus the bio-agent B. subtilis showed higher yield production than those treatments using an essential oil or B. subtilis alone. The present results show that application of essential oils in integration with the bio-agent B. subtilis may be considered as an applicable, safe and cost-effective method for controlling such soil-borne diseases.
Content based image retrieval system searches the database to find the images that are similar\nto the query image. It compares the images in the database, using the features such as shape,\ncolor, texture etc. The common problems faced in Image Retrieval System are semantics and\ntime consumption. This will overcome by developing an Image Retrieval System that allows\nthe user to query using a single region of an image instead of whole image. Since we\nconcentrate on medical domain, the features extracted are shape, intensity and texture are\nused in spatial domain. In this work the first step is to crop the query image as specified by\nthe user. Second, extract the features from the cropped image. Similarly, crop and extract the\nfeatures for the database images. Determine the image similarity and retrieve the images from\nthe database using Euclidean Distance method. In this method, the images with shortest\ndistance from the query image are retrieved.
Abstract—A high dynamic range RF variable gain amplifier\n(RFVGA) suitable for mobile digital television (DTV) tuners is\npresented. Variable gain is achieved using a capacitive attenuator\nand current-steering transconductance ( ) stages, which provide\nhigh linearity with relatively low power consumption. A novel\nbroadband input impedance matching scheme based on resistive\nshunt-feedback is proposed. This scheme allows the RFVGA to\nachieve a low noise figure. A gain control technique suitable for\nCMOS current-steering variable gain amplifiers is described; it\nfeatures 1 dB per step resolution, independent of process and temperature\nvariations. The chip is fabricated in six-metal 0.18 m\nCMOS technology and consumes 12.2 mA current from 1.8 V\nsupply. The RFVGA achieves 16 dB maximum gain, 33 dB gain\ncontrol range, a 4.3 dB noise figure, and an IIP3 higher than\n25 dBm.
This study was conducted to examine children’s empathic tendencies with respect to their gender and to investigate the relationship between empathic tendencies of children and empathic skills of parents. The study has been conducted on a sample of 261 people, composed of 87 children from the grades ranging between third and fifth, including 47 female and 40 male children who attend Pamukkale Educational Foundation PEV Primary School in the Denizli province of Turkey and their mothers (87) and fathers (87). In order to determine children’s empathic tendency, “KA-Sİ Scale of Emphatic Tendency for Children and Adolescents – Children Form” developed by Kaya & Siyez (2010) has been applied. In order to evaluate empathic ability of the parents, “Empathic Ability Scale-B Form” developed by Dökmen (1988, 1990) has been applied. The results showed that a significant difference in favor of girls existed in the “Emotional Sensitivity” and “Cognitive Sensitivity” dimensions as well as the “Total Empathic Tendency Score” obtained from the KA-Sİ Emphatic Tendency Scale for Children and Adolescents – Children’s Form. (p<0.05). The data were analyzed by using “T-Test” and “Pearson Correlation Test”. The research results have revealed that the gender of the child has an influence on the empathic tendencies of children, but not on the emphatic skills of both parents. It has also been determined that although there is not a correlation between the empathic tendency scores of children and the empathic skill scores of parents, there is a positive correlation between the empathic skill scores of mothers and those of fathers.
Motivation is the paramount medium and obligatory precondition that provoke critical thinking among the students. The major premise of this research is to reveal diverse factors that have an imperative influence on the students motivation to learn in the classroom settings. Cross sectional survey research design was used by the researcher to accumulate the data from N=300 respondents through multistage sampling technique. Questionnaire was used as a tool for the rationale of data collection from Social Science departments of Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan (Pakistan). Descriptive Statistics, Correlation method, Analysis of Variance and Reliability Coefficients were used by the researcher to appraise the relationship among the study variables. From the analysis it was found that usage of effectual teaching methodologies, adequate learning environment in the classroom and self-motivated involvement of the students to slot in knowledge acquisition are the foremost determinants that can increase the students motivation for learning process. From the analysis the researcher concluded that encouraging the constructive classroom environment by inducing discussion, establishment of cooperative learning environment and small group work can amplify the students motivational level for the purpose of engaging in the learning process. In addition to this inconsistent workload on the students, usage of obsolete teaching methodologies, large class size, peer pressure to resist the learning process and teachers biased behavior with the students are the foremost factors that can diminish the students interest in their studies. Usage of modern instructional practices, provision of adequate classroom environment and encouragement of analytical feedback from the students are the foremost remedies that can increase the motivational level among the students to acquire premium academic grades.
This paper presents an Incidence Matrix based DC Optimal Power Flow (IM-DCOPF) approach considers the curtailed load value. Mathematical formulation and optimization problem in both stochastic and deterministic ones also are presented in this paper. A simple mathematical representation of the two-stage stochastic programming is developed. This paper utilizes the Incidence Matrix Approach (IMA) to reformulation the traditional DCOPF. Uncertain parameter which is addressed in this paper is load profile, which is depend on multifarious objects, such as weather, temperature and etc; and short-term load forecasts, also are sensitive to temporal behavior and weather. This paper considers multiple discrete probabilities for these kinds of load demands and corresponding problem representation is addressed. Detailed results from an illustrative example and a large scale case study are presented and discussed. The simulation results show that the presented method is both satisfactory and consistent with expectation for large scale poser system. Finally, some relevant conclusions are drawn.
Intrusion detection is a mechanism used to protect the system, analyze and predict the behaviors of the users. An ideal intrusion detection system hard to achieve due to nonlinearity, irrelevant, and redundant features. In this study a new anomaly-based intrusion detection model is introduced. The suggested system is based on particle swarm optimization, nonlinear multi-class and multi-kernel support vector machine. particle swarm optimization is used as feature selection by applying a new formula to update the position and the velocity of a particle, the support vector machine is used as classifier. The proposed model is tested and compared with the other methods by using the dataset KDD99. the results indicate that the new method is able to achieve better accuracy rates than the previous methods.
