This paper investigates the entropy generation of a non-isothermal, incompressible Newtonian fluid flowing under the effect of a constant pressure gradient in plane Poiseuille flow. The effects of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity are also included. The viscosity and thermal conductivity of the fluid exhibit linear temperature dependence and the effect of viscous heating is included in the analysis. Channel walls are kept at constant temperatures. Velocity, temperature and entropy generation profiles due to heat transfer and fluid friction are plotted. The effects of Brinkman number, Peclet number, pressure gradient, viscosity and thermal conductivity constant on velocity, temperature and entropy generation number are discussed. Discretization is performed using a Pseudospectral technique based on Chebyshev polynomial expansions. The resulting nonlinear, coupled boundary value problem is solved iteratively using Chebyshev-pseudospectral method.
Dyes, the most important environmental contaminants in industrial and textile wastewaters, are considered to be extremely toxic for human health and environment as well. The aim of present study was to determine the adsorption kinetics and equilibrium of reactive Red 198 dye (RR198), taken from aqueous solution of the Cuttlefish bone powder as a natural biosorbent. The target adsorbent was prepared in laboratory conditions and pulverized by ASTM standard sieves (60-100 mesh). The effects of adsorbent dose (1 to 2.5 g/100 ml), pH (4 to 10), initial dye concentration (25 and 50 mg/l) and contact time (10 to 240 min) were investigated on the adsorption of dye. The results were analyzed with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Results have shown that the increase of adsorbent dose and retention time led to an increase in the efficiency of dye removal. While, an increase in the initial dye concentration led to decreased dye removal. The adsorption isotherm for initial dye concentration (50 mg/l) was in good concordance with the Langmuir and Freundlich model (R2>0.95), while the Langmuir model had higher agreement with our experimental data (R2 = 0.981). The adsorption kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption of RR198 was rapid and complied with pseudo-second order kinetics (R2 = 0.997) and the kinetic constants were 0.039 and 0.033 g/mg.min for the concentrations of 25 and 50 mg/l, respectively.
Objectives: To evaluate the coincidence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in patients presenting with varied otorhinolaryngological diseases.\nPatients & Methods: The study included 292 patients; 173 males and 119 females with mean age of 25.9±15.4 years. All patients underwent complete otorhinolaryngological evaluation, urea breath test (UBT) using the Heliprobe 14C UBT and the obtained surgical specimens or effusion samples or swabs were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of H. pylori DNA.\nResults: According to results of UBT, 41 patients were infected, 107 patients had borderline infection and 144 patients were free of infection. PCR examination of H. pylori DNA detected 62 positive cases with a true positive rate of 80.5% for positive and 27.1% for borderline UBT. PCR assured H. pylori infection in 5 patients had CRS with polyposis, in 9 patients with CRS without polyposis, in 17 patients and in 10 patients with pharyngitis without tonsillitis. PCR confirmed H. pylori infection in 15 patients with chronic otitis media (COM) with effusion and in 6 patients with laryngitis.\nConclusion: Upper air passages could be considered as reservoir for H. pylori that must be considered as an underlying pathogenic mechanism for various otorhinolaryngological disorders and must be excluded prior to surgical decision making. Urea breath test must be applied as a routine test at otorhinolaryngological clinics.
Abstract\nAdministration of schools and achieving the goals in democratic and transparent society requires gender neutral settings. Together with the researches that aimed to unveil the gendered stereotypical behavior in organizational settings, women’s family barriers for principals, democratic and liberal discourse of gendered identity, cross-cultural perspective for gendered identities have to be investigated. \nThe purpose of the paper is to present clear insights of women principals related with family and environmental consideration. Qualitative research design was used to figure out unique perspectives of 8 women principals in school administration. The study reveals that women principals in Turkey have exposed certain barriers or stereotypes they experience while doing administration even not as much as other women principals suffer in different cultural context in the world. \n\nKeywords: Women, Administration, Dialogic Identities, Family,
The distribution of finished products from depots to customers is a challenging task in supply chain and logistics management. The general formulation of such problem is the vehicle routing problem (VRP). In cases where a logistics company has more than one depot, VRPs are not suitable, thus requiring multiple depots. This paper focuses on the Multi-depot Vehicle Routing Problem (MDVRP). In order to deal with the MDVRP efficiently and effectively, Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) is developed in this paper. The customers are grouped using the Clarke and Wright saving method and the routes are optimized using the ABC algorithm. A computational study is carried out to compare the algorithm with different problem sizes. Results proved that the proposed ABC outperformed genetic approaches in literature.
Antioxidant potential, anti-α glucosidase, anti α β-Glucuronidase and anti tyrosinase activity of Hippophae rhamnoides and Cassia fistula Extracts were evaluated. Antioxidant activities were tested using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical, ferric-reducing antioxidant power, Superoxide radical scavenging assay, Hydroxyl radical scavenging assay and Nitric oxide radical scavenging assay. ß-Glucuronidase activity was determined by measuring the absorbance at 405 nm of p-nitophenol formed from the substrate by spectrophotometric method of R. A. Collins. The α-glucosidase inhibition and Antityrosinase activity was determined using Synergy HT BioTek 96-well plate reader method. Both plants extracts exhibited appreciable total phenolic contents i.e. Hippophae rhamnoides 51.23±1.38 and Cassia fistula 64.39±1.21 mg gallic acid equivalents/g. Similarly both plants extracts showed appreciable antioxidant potential and statistically insignificant differences (P > 0.05) were observed among the triplicates in different systems of antioxidant activity evaluation. Marked ß-Glucuronidase, α-glucosidase and Antityrosinase activity was observed for both plants extracts. This study revealed that Hippophae rhamnoides and Cassia fistula could contribute significantly in the management and/or prevention of degenerative diseases linked to free radical damage as well as in diabetics, skin related disorders like melasma, in rheumatoid arthritis and in biliary cholelithiasis.
Smart Sort algorithm is a “smart” fusion of heap construction procedures (of Heap sort algorithm) into the conventional “Partition” function (of Quick sort algorithm) resulting in a robust version of Quick sort algorithm. We have also performed empirical analysis of average case behavior of our proposed algorithm along with the necessary theoretical analysis for best and worst cases. Its performance was checked against some standard probability distributions, both uniform and non-uniform, like Binomial, Poisson, Discrete & Continuous Uniform, Exponential, and Standard Normal. The analysis exhibited the desired robustness coupled with excellent performance of our algorithm. Although this paper assumes the static partition ratios, its dynamic version is expected to yield still better results.
Individuals\' innovative behaviour in the workplace is the foundation of any high- performance organization; and thus, a study on what motivates or enables individuals’ innovative behaviour is critical. Therefore, the aim of this research was to find out the relationship between organizational culture and innovative work behaviour in tourism corporations which market sports services. Correlation analysis revealed that innovative work behaviour was found to be significantly correlating with cooperativeness (r=0,442, p<0,05), innovativeness (r=0.510, p<0,05), consistency (r=0,522, p<0,05) and effectiveness (r=0,554, p<0,05). Stepwise regression analysis showed a significant model: F (2.131) = 33.775. p<0.05. The model explains 33% of the variance in innovative work behaviour (Adjusted R2 = 0.33). In general our findings suggest that organizational culture has a significant effect on innovative work behaviour. When considering the fact that innovative work behaviour is an important aspect of organization, organizational culture should be organized in order to encourage employees to innovative work behaviour.
EEG signals constitute one efficient recording of the brain electrical activity using electrodes that could be placed on the scalp according to specific configuration. Several studies dealing with electrodes configuration effect on electrical activity localization were carried over the entire scalp surface with one symmetrical and uniform manner. By considering configuration dependence, one could notice the following problems: large number of electrodes and high cost of EEG equipments as well as manipulation and computational time. \nIn this paper, we propose a novel approach for cerebral electrical activity localization based on electrodes configuration by using separately each specific brain lobe: the frontal, the occipital, the parietal as well as the temporal lobe. The a priori information on the pathology area provided by the clinician could be indeed essential. In order to reconstruct the cortical generators in the brain from the recorded EEG signals, various generalized inverse problem methods were developed. To validate our approach, Standardized Shrinking LORETA-FOCUSS (SSLOFO) method was explored carefully in order to be compared. Experimental results showed that even with a small number of electrodes placed at specific lobes, we obtain similar localization results compared to the 128-standard configuration. This could yield multiple benefits such as time computational gain for the overall algorithm and electrodes efficient placement on the scalp. Using a priori clinical information, one could notice also time gain during electrodes placement as well as practical usefulness for cortical generators localization.
A novel design of CMOS dynamic latch comparator with dual input single output with the differential amplifier stage is presented in this paper. The designed dynamic latch comparator is required for high-speed analog-to-digital converters to get faster signal conversion and to reduce the power dissipation, which is immune to noise than the previous works. In this paper, the design and analysis of a latching comparator using charge sharing circuit topology is illustrated to achieve low power and high-speed operation. The proposed circuit is designed using CEDEC 0.18 µm CMOS process. The simulated results shows that, 100 MHz clock frequency with the power supply voltage (VDD) 3.3 V and input range 3.3V produce the desired output signal. The topology of the proposed design is able to minimize the propagation delay and power consumption with the improved performances than other research works. Moreover, the different capacitor value and the transistor lengths produced the faster output, which is suitable for the successful operation of the ADC.
