This article proposes to design a wafer with integrated vertical cross-shaped asymmetric electrodes and Y-shaped microfluidic channels. The micro-particles are separated and captured in the microfluidic pipeline. From the experiment, the front end is used to observe the separation of microparticles. Then, the back-end capture of the microparticles is carried out in order to achieve better detection applications. Among them, the inlet 1 of the pipeline is the NaCl solution containing particles of different sizes under the influence of the asymmetric electrode at the front end, and the inlet 2 of the other pipeline is only injected with the NaCl solution, and the two merge into the third pipeline and then flow to an expansion pipeline together. After the particles pass through the expansion duct, the smaller particles will be brought to the recirculation zone due to the influence of the asymmetric electrode pair, and will continue to orbit inside the recirculation zone with the reflow. With the integrated chip design of the front and back ends, micro-particles or cells can achieve the effect of double particle separation and capture after passing through this section.
Thailand has great potential to use woody biomass for renewable fuels and energy. However, its current utilization is rather low due to the high moisture content and low energetic density. The quality of raw woody biomass as fuels can be greatly improved by applying a suitable pretreatment by the thermochemical conversions such as torrefaction. The aim of this work was to investigate effect of torrefaction temperature on the mass-energy yields, energy density and torrefaction energy index of luecaena wood chips. The torrefaction experimental work was carried out in laboratory scale vibrating reactor with torrefaction temperature ranging was set between 200 to 300°C with holding times of 1 hour. The three units of 4 kW electrical heater was used to heat the reactor. From the results obtained, it was found that torrefaction temperature has a significant impact on torrefied product proximate and energy properties. The higher heating value of torrefied product was increased with torrefaction temperature. Optimum torrefaction temperature for luecaena wood chips via vibrating reactor was identified at 275°C with residence time 1 hour, for maximum mass and energy yields. At this condition, the energy content of torrefied product was improved to 20.3 MJ·kg-1, 40% higher than the original values. The value and energy yield of wood chips could be improved through torrefaction, an appropriate for upgrading biomass as fuel or biocoal.
The influences in the corrosion protection of an organic acid sealant on anodized aluminum alloys 2024-T3 were studied. The anodic films were obtained in sulfuric acid and sealed by immersion method in molten organic acids of dodecanoic acid. Passivation and pitting behaviors resulting from the sealing treatments were studied using the Electrochemistry Impedance Spectroscopy and Lineal Sweep Voltammetry, and surface morphology was examined by optical microscopy. The results were compared with sealing in boiling water. The sealed films provide relatively higher corrosion resistance in NaCl 0,1M solution. The influence of cleaning pre-treatment after anodized on the interaction between organic acid and porous oxide film were evaluated using Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy and discussed too. The results of chemical analysis showed an effective seal of porous of anodized film, and the electrochemical results showed a promising protection behavior of treatment with dodecanoic acid, achieving a decrease of the current density of two orders of magnitude compared to control.
Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from insulin resistance and/or impaired insulin secretion. Prediabetes is an intermediate state of hyperglycemia with glycemic parameters above normal but below the diabetes threshold. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) studies in the promoter region of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF? (238G/A)) have suggested its role in increased insulin resistance and also in the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Transcription factor 7 like 2 (TCF7L2) gene has been found to be one of the most risky genes for prediabetes and progression toT2DM. But, the underlying mechanism of this is still unknown. This is a review article demonstrated the possible mechanisms of both TNF? G/A 238 rs361525 and TCF7L2 C/T rs7903146: gene polymorphisms in prediabetes and Type 2Diabetes Mellitus. Key words: Type2 Diabetes, prediabetes, genes, insulin resistance, TNF? G/A 238, TCF7L2 C/T gene polymorphisms.
Background: Thoracic epidural and paravertebral blocks are widely used regional techniques for postoperative analgesia after abdominal surgery. However, they are difficult to perform and carry the risk of serious complications. The ESPB is a relatively simple technique that uses easily distinguishable sonographic landmarks and provided an effective analgesia for a wide variety of thoracic and abdominal surgeries. \nAim: We designed the study to assess the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. \nPatients and Methods: Sixty patients were enrolled in prospective, double-blinded, randomized, controlled study. Patients were randomized into two groups, ESPB and control group. ESPB group was given bilateral single shot ESPB of 0.25% bupivacaine at the level of T8, 20 ml on each side. Pain scores were measured periodically postoperative and compared. The postoperative opioid consumption and time to first analgesic request was calculated. Groups were compared using unpaired t-tests for Quantitative data and chi-square for qualitative data. \nResults: Pain scores at rest were significantly lower in ESPB group for eighteen hours in comparison to the control group. Moreover, pain scores on movement were significantly lower for six hours in the ESPB group. The time to first analgesic request was significantly longer in ESPB group (13.9±4.7 h) in comparison to control group (1.8±1.2 h). It was noted that fentanyl consumption in ESPB group (70.3±30.7μg) was significantly lower than control group (200±40.9μg) in the first 24 h. \nConclusion: Bilateral ultrasound guided ESPB is an efficient postoperative analgesic modality for abdominal surgery.
The administration of thyroid knob disease patients requires utilization of which have high explicitness and affectability biomarkers. As respects the accessible serum and cytological biomarkers, thyroglobulin and calcitonin, they present serious constraints for early non obtrusive finding and successful follow up . The exploration on microRNA articulation and level of ccfDNA in patients with thyroid knob malignancies is giving new dreams to the improvement of new biomarkers that can be utilized to analyze thyroid knob disease and acquire the perfect aftereffects of the board. We talk about in this survey the identification and measurement of microRNA and ccfDNA in biospecimens from patients with thyroid knob tumors; notwithstanding the likely utilizations of these procedures for creating microRNA and ccf DNA based biomarkers for the conclusion and prognostic assessment of disease of thyroid knobs.
Science the beginning of creation, man relied on movement to preserve his life, in denial or flight, as well as in climbing, jumping, attachment and crawling. But nowadays man\'s movement decreases, and he starts to depend on a machine to do his work. As a result, he suffers weak and a lot of diseases that he never suffered from before. Exercising and sports are considered necessary for all members in society to face negatives and harms resulted from technological progress which is combined with few movements and a lot of diseases through what the researchers have found in the studies about the importance of practicing sports on the healthy aspects for old ladies in recent age nowadays especially after their number has increased according to the reports of the central agency for mobilization and statistics. The researchers did this study to improve the functional efficiency of the kinetic system in old ladies by designing a kinetic therapeutic program to improve the physical parameters, that will contribute to increasing the collagen level. The researchers also made a comparison between the influence of the suggested therapeutic program and the collagen as a dietary supplement in improving the functional efficiency level of the kinetic system. The study aims to identify the influence of the therapeutic exercises program and collagen as a dietary supplement on the functional efficiency of the old ladies\' kinetic system. The researcher used the experimental curriculum with a pre and post measuring design for three experimental groups. The Research sample has consisted of 30 ladies aged (62 ± 6.754). One of the most important results of the therapeutic exercises program is the improvement in all the parameters of the functional efficiency of the kinetic system that includes backbone flexibility – weight – legs muscle power – back muscle power – bones density and collagen level.
Aim of the work- elaboration of an effective system of pollution sources operational monitoring and taking forehanded warning and correcting measures in order to prevent excessive emissions and pollutants discharge.