Europe is a world leader in the production of white sugar from sugar beets, thanks to the long\ntradition of growing them and the fertile lands there. In Poland, the industrial cultivation of this\nimportant rotation crop has more than two hundred years of tradition. Drastic reform of the\nsugar market (production quota system) in 2006 led to the abandonment of traditional\ncultivation, a strong reduction in sugar production, and the liquidation of many sugar factories\nin Poland.\nDuring the period of greatest interest in biorefineries and in new perspectives on biofuel\nproduction (2009), and again four years later (2013), a survey was conducted on two groups of\nfarmers on which of the new types of production they preferred. The study subjects were two\ndifferent communities of farmers living near two liquidated sugar factories in eastern Poland\nroughly 400 km apart, and surveys were randomly conducted to assess the preferences of\nprevious sugar-beet suppliers for diversifying field cultivation under the new conditions. Each\ngroup consisted of 200 persons, comprising from 40% to 60% of the previous growers. The\nresults show significant changes in the surface area of sugar-beet production. Farmers’\npreferences for alternative agriculture also changed radically.
In this study, Centaurea derderiifolia Wagenitz., C. drabifolia subsp. detonsa and C. kotschyi var.\nfloccosa which are endemic species belong to on Centaurea sect. Cheirolepis species from Turkey\nwere examined morphological, karyological and palynological. The somatic chromosome\nnumbers, pollen morphology and detailed morphometric properties of 3 endemic Centaurea L.\ntaxa distributed in Turkey were examined. The somatic chromosome numbers were determined as\n2n= 2x = 36 in Centaurea derderiifolia Wagenitz. and Centaurea kotschyi var. floccosa (Boiss.)\nWagenitz. Karyotype analysis indicated that chromosomes of Centaurea taxa generally have\nmedian region (m), submedian region (sm), and rarely median point (M) karyotypes. The findings\nfor each of the analysed taxa are compared with the results of previous studies. The pollen\nmorphology of three endemic taxa of the genus Centaurea was investigated in detail by light and\nscanning electron microscopy. The species examined are mainly isopolar and radially symmetric,\nsubprolate, tricolporate. Ornamentation scabrate and scabrate-perforate, amb triangular. The pollen\nof all taxa studied are 3-zonocolporate. The colpus is usually long, acute at ends and with smooth\nmembrane. Pollen grains belonging to Cheirolepis section reveal homogeneity in their characters.
Cholesterol (Chol) is commonly found in cereals worldwide and bring significant threats to the food industry and human health. Among a collection of cholesterol -degrading bacteria isolated from residual foods, the strain Chol-6 was selected based on their high-ability to degrade cholesterol (0.2%). The morphological, physiological, and phylogenetic studies indicated that strain Chol-6 belonged to the Bacillus sp. and identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain Chol-6 . HPLC was used to determine the reduction in cholesterol concentrations. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Chol-6 had the strongest ability to degrade cholesterol, where the degradation percentages of cholesterol was 62.5% and 100% after 48, 144 h, respectively. The degradation activity of cholesterol was mainly in the culture supernatant of Chol-6 strain rather than its cells. About 90% of cholesterol was degraded within the first 90 min and reduced to the undetectable level after 180 min. This suggested that the chol oxidase in chol-6 strain is produced extracellulary and inducible enzyme.The supernatant (chol oxidase) was characterized by considerable activity at wide range of temperature (10 - 40 C) with optimal activity at 32 C and pH 6.5- 7.5. The only steroidal product from cholesterol degradation by the bacterial cell and by the crude extract of the extracellular enzyme was 4-colesten-3-one. In conclusion, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Chol-6 will be very useful for the reduction of cholesterol in many fermented foods and as a source of cholesterol oxidase.
According to literature, maxillofacial space infection mostly occurs in the submandibular space, and the most common cause is odontogenic infection. However, trauma resulting in buccal space abscess is uncommon. Painful swelling of the cheek is the most familiar symptom of buccal space infection. We report a rare case of buccal space abscess developed from a razor trauma. Aside from adequate fluid hydration, and treatment with empiric parenteral antibiotics, we identify that surgical treatment with drainage can provide a remedy for this disease.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), also called malignant hepatoma is the most common type of liver cancer. The aim of the present study is to elucidate the role of naturoceutical agent such as cape gooseberry (CG) (Physalis peruviana) as a chemo-sensitizer for adriamycine (ADR) treatment the hepatocellular carcinoma rats model. The present data recorded that HCC rats has a significant increase in serum and hepatic lipids profile (TL, TC, TG, LDL-C and VLDL-C) accompanied with a significant decrease in HDL-C level. Also, total protein (TP) and zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) levels were decreased. Moreover, the data illustrated a marked increase in total bilirubin, AFP level as well as enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP, γ-GT) activity, however hepatic ALT and AST activity was significantly decreased in HCC rats. In addition HCC rats has a significant increase in hepatic oxidative stress markers (MDA & NO) and free radicals enzymes (AO & XO), but hepatic antioxidant status including GSH, TAC, SOD, catalase, and GSH-PX was significantly reduced in HCC rats. On the other hand HCC rats received ADR or CG showed an improvement in all the above parameters through the occurred amelioration of the obtained alterations of lipids profile, liver function enzymes, oxidative stress and antioxidant defense system. Furthermore the data evidenced that CG is more effective than ADR and it act as a chemo-sensitizer for ADR treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
This paper presents the preliminary results of studies conducted on a laboratory model of an air\ndriven rotating biological contactor. In this model, wastewater treatment is carried out using both\nthe activated sludge process and biofilm settled on discs. To test the treatment ability of this\nmodel, the rate of chemical oxygen demand was determined and the treatment efficiency\ncalculated. The model also examined the effect of a biofilm on sewage treatment. The results of preliminary\nstudies indicated that the treatment efficiency was 85%, while wastewater treatment using only\nbiofilm was 50%. The paper also compares the construction and operation of the laboratory model\nwith data available in the literature. Air driven rotating biological contactors vary in their type of\ndisc surface and degree of submergence. Additionally some use compressed air and others operate\nwith a hybrid technology. The laboratory model of the rotating biological contactor worked with\na hybrid technology and can be used to upgrade existing activated sludge plants.(Keywords: Activated sludge, biofilm, biological wastewater treatment, rotating biological contactor)
The growing number of cars on the roads contributes much to the air pollution. European Union took many steps to establish an air quality control strategy, like organizing campaigns on sustainable urban mobility. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of the vehicle related emissions, which are significant sources of air pollutants. The research was conducted in the second biggest and well industrialized city of Slovak Republic, in Kosice. Within the scope of the cooperation the Technical University of Kosice and University of Pannonia have been undertaking a research on the air pollutants, namely NO and NO2. These pollutants were used because they characterized the changes well in air pollution. Consequently, the survey was suitable for us to give an appropriate and representative picture about the quality of air.
This article proposes organisational coevolution as an alternative means of managing business turbulence. Qualitative methodology is employed in a multiple-case study to analyse the mobile telephony industry in Colombia. As part of the information-gathering process, approximately 300 public and private documents were consulted and 50 interviews with key stakeholders of the industry were conducted. Content analysis is the main data analysis technique, and the ATLAS/ti is used for processing. The results of the study show that when a sector faces turbulence, businesses can efficiently manage this phenomenon if they undertake a structural coupling process between the turbulent environment and strategic behaviour.
Reverse Logistics (RL) is the process of returning products from their consumer destination to capture their value or proper disposal. The research methodology used was exploratory case study research. The qualitative data were collected by use of two in-depth case studies chosen from two different industries. Warehouse design was defined as a structured approach of decision making at a strategic, tactical and operational level, in an attempt to meet a number of well-defined performance criteria. Reverse Logistics in Warehousing Subfactors was researched by AHP. In conclusion, the future research directions are provided.
ABSTRACT \nThis research paper is written with the purpose of seeking to understand the nature of Supply Chain Management (SCM) in Saudi Arabia which by the time was one among the largest markets of the world. The research aims at explaining the issues in the SCM platform in Saudi, the opportunities as well as the challenges arising from the platform.\nThe researcher analyzes several works by other researchers bringing to light the issues influencing SCM in Saudi Arabia. It looks at opportunities that exist as a result of technology and outsourcing among other factors. The researcher also analyzes and seeks to understand the challenges in the Saudi Arabian SCM platform. The research establishes that the dynamic platform has been influenced largely by technological factors arising in the market as well as diversification. Some high levels of integration with technological factors were noted with other industries with SCM registering some of the lowest integration rates.\n The research concludes that the SCM in Saudi has many positivity with equally many available opportunities. The challenges noted in the Saudi are not unique to the region. The researcher proposes further research into the effects of the issues, opportunities and challenges analyzed in this paper.
In this paper, a Lightweight real-time load distribution multi-hop routing protocol for WBSN application called LRTLD is presented. The LRTLD is developed and tested on TelG wireless sensor node. The experimental results from tests on LRTLD show that the load to forward packet to the destination is distributed between each neighbor and consumes less power compared to just one forwarding node. The LRTLD multi-hop routing protocol offers continuous operation, higher performance, multi-hop communication, dynamic routing, robust and fault tolerant. The packets reception ratio of LRTLD multi-hop routing protocol maintains above 80% of packets sent even thought increased number of hops.\nThe WBSN applications would allow the medical practitioners to continuously monitor and update the status of a patient from a remote location. This paper focuses on the development of a WBSN platform for home-b In addition, the LRTLD routing protocol takes less than 1 millisecond to obtain information on the forwarding node.
