In this study, the preparation of the epoxy resin nanopowder to conduct mechanical property testing, hardness and wear rate was explored. The material base consists of three kinds of nanopowder, i.e. alumina, silica and carbon black. These nanopowders mixed with diluent in different variables of adding content for preparation. The study optimized the hardness and wear rate of the sample to investigate its mechanical properties by Taguchi method. L9 orthogonal array was applied to prepare testing sample. The result found that the nanopowders, alumina, silica and monocol, are the control factors which affects the hardness characteristics of the material. But, it is not the case for the diluent. As for the wear rate, all of the four variables of the experiment are a significant factor. The hardness increased 2.1% compared to pure resin; the wear rate was 160% reduction compared to pure resin. The regression equation was constructed by considering the control factor weight percentages and quality characteristics. The predicted values of the hardness and wear rate were compared to the values obtained from the experiment. The error between of them was only 0.12% for hardness value, 5.26% only for the wear rate. The experiments confirmed that the established regression equation is with considerable reliability. The optimization process of the preparation of the epoxy resin nanoparticles can be used for industry.
This present paper considers the differential problem of four types of trigonometric functions and uses mathematical software Maple for verification. The Fourier series expansions of any order derivatives of these functions can be obtained using complex power series, binomial theorem and differentiation term by term theorem. In addition, Maple is used to calculate the approximations of some higher order derivative values with their Fourier series expansions for verifying our answers.
Introduction: Classic characteristics of biliary pain are uncommon in patients and common symptoms are often vague; this ambiguous and atypical symptoms including indigestion and dyspepsia, recover with little chance after Cholecystectomy. Helicobacter pylori found in patients with dyspepsia. There is a low probability of cure in atypical symptom after cholecystectomy; The propose of this study is to investigate H.pylori prevalence in symptomatic gallstone; And to show that symptoms that are attributed to gallstone can be caused by H. pylori so it may reduce unnecessary operations which can cause complication, morbidity and costs.\nMethods: Cases were selected from patients with symptomatic gallstone that were diagnosed by sonography and were candidate for elective cholecystectomy. People who were referred to emergency trauma ward selected as control and sonography confirmed that they had not gallstone. Blood samples were taken and IgG anti H. pylori with ELISA method was measured. Case and control groups were analyzed for positive result. Cases and controls with history for H. Pylori treatment were excluded from study.\nResults: 35 patients were enrolled in case group and 35 patients in control group. 22 cases (68.8%) and 10 controls (31.2%) had IgG anti H. pylori. There was significant difference in comparison of two groups (P value = 0.004).\nConclusion: Patients with gallstone in sonography that presented with atypical symptoms should be aware of H. pylori related dyspepsia. We must explain to them that their symptoms may be retained after cholecystectomy.
Recently 3D live geological-process models (UGSF) have been actively built and used for solving underground gas storage problems.\nIn actual practice, correctness of geological models of UGSF, especially of UGS models in water bearing formations, cannot be guaranteed either by using popular software products or their integrated modeling tools; it requires the model making geologist to understand the task specifics and consciously select the applied software tools.\nIn this article authors offer the ways for identification of main uncertainty factors that enable to match the geological modeling results with the field data using the expert method and refine the geological model while adapting the hydrodynamic model. In this case the hydrodynamic model is used as an agent to verify the geological model adequacy according to the field data and to refine it considering these data.\nThe article represents an example of applying a reliable live geological-process model of a Russian UGSF for determining optimal well operating modes.\nApplication of reliable geological models provides the possibility to correctly solve problems related to estimation of local variability of permeability and porosity significantly computerizing the process of effective UGSF well operating modes determination.
The application of digital techniques represents absolute necessity nowadays. Their turbulent or even unrestrained development, however, brings many problems during processing or safety of stored information. The biggest problem – nevertheless quite neglected at present – is long-term storing of this information. The problem lies not only in the media themselves but also in the way of application of these media and processing of stored data. This present contribution proposes one of possible solutions – creating of laboratories of history techniques. Whether this or another way of data continuity, it is necessary and and has to be dealt with asap.
Discipline and classroom management are serious concerns in teaching English. As contexts of teaching is deemed to play a significant role, the present study explores teachers’ attitudes and beliefs on classroom control and their leadership styles in two contexts of university and private institute. 62 EFL teachers participated in this study half of which taught in university and the other half in institute. ABCC inventory and MLQ-5X were applied to investigate their attitude on class control and leadership style. The result of ANOVA indicated that with regard to some factors of leadership style the two contexts paly significant role. Finally, Implications are discussed.
In this note we extent the concept of asymptotically regular sequences and asymptotically regular maps introduced by [Neeraj Malviya,Prabha Chouhan, Fixed points of Asymptotically Regular Mappings in Cone Metric Spaces, International Mathematical Forum,Vol.6,2011,no.18,881-8891] in cone metric space. Here, we consider a pair of asymptotically regular self-maps in cone metric space.
In this note we use the concept of semi compatible mappings introduced by Cho, Sharma and Sahu (Semi compatibility and fixed points, Math. Japon, 42 (1995) no.1, 91-98) in cone metric space and proved some common fixed point theorems.
Background: Targeted therapy of solid tumors including mTor inhibitors today had an important place in the treatment of patients with cancers. Side effects of these drugs are less known and are significantly different compared to cytostatics . Stomatitis is a common side effect of everolimus and its prevention and treatment is very important in achieving optimal treatment results. .\nMethods: everolimus is only recently applied in our institution and we analyzed the adverse effects in various tumor types. Stomatitis was the most common side effect that has required dose reduction. Informing patients about the hygiene of the oral cavity and application of supportive therapy significantly reduces the effects of stomatitis. We analyzed the results of the 3 cases treated with everolimus plus exemestane therapy in metastatic breast cancer with hormone-dependent and HER2 negative tumour, which has progressed on aromatase inhibitors. We also analyzed two cases of metastatic renal cell carcinoma in which everolimus was given in the second line therapy. Significant is the case of a patient who developed grade 3 stomatitis, and requared dose reduction. .\nConclusion: target therapies have significant efficacy and among them an important place has everolimus. The most common side effect of these drug is stomatitis in addition to others that need attention of patient and doctor. Proper prevention of toxicity and their treatment leads to better efficiency and quality of life of patients with malignant disease .
Radon concentrations and effective radium contents were measured using CR-39 solid-state nuclear track detectors. In this study, 27 local and imported phosphate fertilizer samples (liquid and solid) were collected from markets in Eastern Saudi Arabia. The radon concentrations were found to vary from 3.23 ± 1.22 to 1547.12 ± 162.45 Bq mˉ³.The radon exhalation rates and effective radium contents varied from 1.77 ± 0.67 to 847.63 ± 89 mBq mˉ²hˉ¹ and from 3.53 ± 1.10 to 2245.68 ± 235.80 Bq mˉ³, respectively. The highest annual effective dose was from a local fertilizer sample (39.03 ± 9.77 mSvyˉ¹), this value was higher than the recommended value. Strong correlations were found between the radon concentrations, exhalation rates and annual effective doses from the local and imported fertilizers. The results were compared with the global values.
The image processing algorithms collectively known as super-resolution (SR) have proven effective in producing high-quality imagery from low-resolution (LR) images. This paper focuses on a novel image resolution enhancement method employing the wavelet domain techniques. In order to preserve more edge information, additional edge extraction step is proposed employing high-frequency (HF) sub-band images - low-high (LH), high-low (HL), and high-high (HH) - via the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). In the designed procedure, the LR image is used in the sparse interpolation for the resolution-enhancement obtaining low-low (LL) sub-band. Additionally, all sub-bands (LL, LH, HL and HH) are performed via the Lanczos interpolation. Finally, the estimated sub-band images are used to form the new high-resolution (HR) image using the inverse DWT (IDWT). Experimental results on real data sets have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed framework in terms of objective criteria as well as in subjective perception.\nKeywords: Super-resolution, edge extraction, wavelet domain, sparse interpolation.
In this paper, the choice of power quality compensator is three phase four leg voltage source converter (VSC) with a DC capacitor i.e., DSTATCOM. The control strategy proposed is a Neural Network based One Cycle Control for a three phase four wire distribution system (3P4W).The proposed control strategy eliminates the sensors required for sensing the load current and coupling inductor current in addition to the multiplier employed in the conventional method. The calculation of harmonic and reactive currents for the reference current generation is also eliminated, thus minimizing the complexity in the control strategy. The proposed control strategy mitigates harmonic/reactive currents, ensures balanced and sinusoidal source current from the supply mains that are nearly in phase with the supply voltage even though there is an unbalance in the three phase load currents and source voltage conditions, compensates neutral current under unbalanced linear and Non-linear load conditions in 3P4W distribution systems. ANN controller are implemented to maintain voltage across the capacitor under all varying conditions of source and load and as a compensator to compensate neutral current under unbalanced linear and Non-linear load conditions. The performance of the DSTATCOM is validated under unbalanced, linear/nonlinear loads for all possible conditions of the source like balanced, unbalanced, balanced/distorted and unbalanced/distorted source voltage conditions. The propounded neural network based control algorithm for DSTATCOM presented in this paper is simulated using MATLAB software. The simulation results prove the efficacy of the proposed neural network based control strategy under varying source and load conditions.
Tetrodotoxin (TTX), a toxin in puffer fish has been studying in pharmaceutical field. This research focused on the Providencia rettgeri T892 identified in the Lagocephalus glovery, a Vietnamese pufferfish. Based on thiosulfate citrate bile salt (TCBS) medium, a selective media for gram negative bacteria detection, the optimization of TTX production in Providencia rettgeri T892 was done using Plackett - Burman design. With this design, eleven factors including in peptone, yeast extract, sodium citrate, sodium thiosulfate, sucrose, sodium chloride, iron citrate, pH, inoculums size, temperature, incubation time were experimented at the same time for tetrodotoxin production. By thin layer chromatography (TLC), mouse bioassay and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, Providencia rettgeri T892 could produce tetrodotoxin in media containing 1% peptone, 1% yeast extract, 1.5% sodium thiosulfate, 1.5% sodium chloride, 1% sucrose, 0.5% sodium citrate, 25% of inoculum size of 1.913x109, temperature at 32oC, pH8.0 in 3 days of incubation. The actual tetrodotoxin concentration could reach to 26.38 mg/mL, equaled the predicted TTX yield in Plackett - Burman design. The study was the first report on tetrodotoxin production using many variable factors optimized in one time.
This paper uses mathematical software Maple for the auxiliary tool to study two types of integrals of trigonometric functions. The Fourier series expansions of these integrals can be obtained using complex power series and integration term by term theorem. In addition, we provide some integrals to do calculation practically, and Maple is used to calculate the approximations of some related definite integrals with their Fourier series expansions for verifying our answers.
This paper presents the influence of the high temperature thermo-mechanical treatment on the cutting behaviour of the HS6-5-2C high-speed steel. The previous studies have shown that the applying of thermo-mechanical treatment improves the mechanical and technological properties. For this, the condition is that the plastic deformation during the mentioned treatment to be between 50 and 70%. The study of the cutting behaviour was done on the different types of tools, the volume of the results obtained being consistent. This paper presents only the obtained results to the cutting testing for the face (disk) milling cutters type. Whether of the cutting regime used, hard specific to the tests or normal, specific to ordinary processing, the tools, which were applied during the production process a thermo-mechanical treatment, they behaved better than the classics. Tools made through thermo-mechanical treatment are worn out less than conventional indifferently of the cutting speed or cutting time. The improved cutting behaviour, for the thermo-mechanical treated tools in comparison with those obtained by conventional methods, was present to the all tested tools types, of the HS6-5-2C high-speed steel.
This experiment was designed to characterize the effects of sawdust vermicompost on the growth of Dieffenbachia amoena in peat base media. Dieffenbachia amoena was stock rooted and grown in 60% peat: 30%vermiculite: 10% perlite, sawdust vermicompost (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 vol %,) and the rest was peat in 60% peat: 30%vermiculite: 10% perlite media. Dieffenbachia amoena was grown in the substituted media for 7 months under fiberglass cover greenhouse, with 4 pots for each treatment. The control consisted of 60% peat: 30%vermiculite: 10% perlite alone without sawdust vermicompost. The results showed that the substitution of 60 vol. % sawdust vermicompost in control did result in significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in height, diameter, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, leaf fresh weight and leaf dry weight in comparison to control. Regarding the high relative price of peat with respect to sawdust vermicompost, sawdust vermicompost substitution in an amount of 60% vol. is economically preferred.
A boundary control problem for a hyperbolic system with mixed constraints on states and controls involving operator of infinite order is considered. The performance index is more general than the quadratic one and has an integral form. Making use of the Dubovitskii-Milyutin theorem, necessary and sufficient conditions of optimality are derived for the Dirichlet problem.
The number of spanning trees in graphs (networks) is an important invariant , it is also an important measure of reliability of a network. In this paper we derive simple formulas of the complexity, number of spanning trees, of some product graphs such as Cartesian product, Normal product , Composition product and Tensor product, using linear algebra, Chebyshev polynomials and matrix analysis techniques.
This paper proposes an edge steganographic technique to embed secret message in the edge regions of the image. The proposed method detects the edge pixels from the images and embeds the secret message in these pixels. Embedding message in the edges is more secure as compared with least significant bit (LSB)-based embedding method due to the least similarity between the edge pixel and other pixels. The proposed method has ability to release more edge pixels by adjusting the threshold for detecting edges. The proposed method shows better security as compared with LSB-based approaches.
In today’s world the environment parameters are subject to degradation causing harmful effect to not only humans but also to other living organisms causing disharmony in ecological balance. Thus there is clear need of monitoring the composition of atmosphere in which negative ions play a major role. The increased significance of environment science has necessitated investigation and characterization of atmospheric air ions. A negative ions generator is used to enhance the quality of air along with many important applications and it should be able to transport the ions at greater distances with required velocities and also with no atmospheric pollutant are generated. The size, shape, number of electrode and spacing between electrodes is finalized by trying different permutation and combination of each parameters and applying different voltages to different electrodes. The calculation of the electrical quantities is performed using finite element software, COMSOL multiphysics-4.0. The trapezoidal shape is finalized for model of ion transponder. This paper is intended to observe the biological significance of negative ionized air, a set of experiment is carried out subjecting chicken eggs during organ genesis period. The experimentation is also carried on the burned skin patients to recognize the effects of negative ions on First, Second and Third degree burn. Development of the negative ion generator in conjunction with programmable ion counter yields an improved and flexible approach for weather modification and in medical applications.
The need to secure private or sensitive information in our mobile devices is one of the main problems in information security. However, usual methods such as passwords and tokens fail to keep up with the challenges presented due to so many drawbacks. Biometric recognition is a good alternative to overcome the difficulties of password and token approaches. Touch-Based gesture behavioral biometrics provides a more convenient method and has so many advantages for authentication purposes. This study provides a comprehensive and critical study of features employed in touch-based gesture. In order to reduce the weakness of physiological and behavioral biometrics, extracting the finger pressure, finger size and time for touch gesture features and will addressee and solve the problem. Future work can be done by implementing and testing the touch gesture features.
The aim of this research was to establish the influence of Jerusalem artichoke‘s tubers to pigs daily makeweight, blood composition, fodder digestibility and meat quality. The research was accomplished with landrace pigs breed‘s hybrids, piglets were divided into 2 groups – experimental and control, with 16 weaned off piglets in each group. Each piglet from experimental group were individually aditionally fed 150 g of Jerusalem artichoke‘s flour every day. Jerusalem artichoke‘s tubers flour had the biggest influence on piglets in the beginning of the research, an average daily makeweight of experimental group‘s pigs was 23 g or 4.02% bigger (p>0.05) than control groups’. The amount of lactobacterium in pigs’ faeces increased 1.90 times (p<0.001) after two months of the research, and the amount of bifidobacterium increased 1.48 times (p>0.05), there was 1.8 times (p<0.001) bigger amount of lactobacterium and bifidobacterium in the experimental groups’ pigs faeces. It was established, that pigs which were fed with Jerusalem artichoke’s flour, had a 5.15 pct. bigger amount of haemoglobin in the beginning of the research, 4.29 pct. bigger – in the middle of the research and 2.31 pct. bigger in the end of the research, besides that – these pigs had 11,42 % (p>0.05) less amount of cholesterol. The meat of pigs which were fed with Jerusalem artichokes was more pale: L* (brightness) was 0,04 pct. bigger, a* (ruddiness) – 0.74 pct. less and b* (yellowness) – 0.5 pct. less than in control group. Dip of water in the meat of experimental group’s pigs was 0.39 pct. bigger, the coherence of water – 2.11 pct. bigger and cooking loss – 1.57 pct. less.\nKeywords: jerusalem artichoke flour, pigs, meat quality, daily makeweight, haematological analysis.
Abstract : The aim of this paper is to elaborate theoretically a methodology based on the Malliavin\napproach, in order to compute the following conditional expectation : E(E(Pt(Xt; rt)|rl)|Xl) for any 0 < l < t where rt is generated by the Vasicek process. In this paper we identify two new stochastic processes in order to compute the Malliavin derivative related to the stochastic process rt.
In this paper, we introduce the trial equation method to obtain the exact travelling wave solutions of nonlinear partial\ndifferential equations. Three models, the (N + 1)-dimensional sine-cosine-Gordon equation, (N + 1)-dimensional double\nsinh-Gordon equation equation and (1 + 2)-dimensional nonlinear Schr¨odinger’s equation in dual-power law media, are used\nas technic to conduct the analysis. Some exact solutions including soliton solutions, rational and elliptic function solutions to\nthese models are obtained by this method. Also a more general irrational trial equation method is proposed
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is upcoming area of research nowadays. Many applications of WSN such as battlefield monitoring, agriculture irrigation monitoring and actuations, weather condition monitoring and forecasting etc are the key factors and driving force for the work in this field. Since WSN applications topology changes abruptly overheads increases and limits lifetime and energy, capacity and efficiency of sensor nodes. As number of node and sensor network length increases the energy consumption of the node besides the velocity of mobile sink. update time increment decreases the energy . In this paper we have investigated the network length and number of node increment effect in different topology for WSN.
In this paper we deduce the doubly truncated binomial distribution and we derive the probability mass function for the random sum of the doubly truncated binomial distribution .Moreover, we investigate the mean and the variance of this random sum. Also, we study the doubly truncated exponential distribution .Moreover, we derive the probability density function for the random sum of doubly truncated exponential distribution.And we give some special cases.
Breast cancer micro metstasis is the important event that may hidden during the first surgery with routine pathological methods, as the early detection of micro metastasis can help prolongation of survival time for patient, recently focuses on new molecular diagnostic methods such as Real-time PCR represents a promises. In this study, regarding to mammoglobin gene’s over expression in breast cancer metastasis, the presence of this marker in sentinel lymph node is investigated using Real- Time PCR method. Single marker results (mammaglobin 66.67%, CK19 50.0%), most reliable marker combination also was calculated for most prevalent single genes in combination (mammaglobin/CK 19, 58.33%), that shows the highest prevalence in positive results. Addition of third marker did not complement MG/CK/MUC or MG/CK/MTDH in the negative samples. Because of the presence of significant expression of at least three genes in 83.3% (40 of the 48) pathology negative patients, it seems that triple marker evaluation of most prevalent expressed gene instead of separate gene, will be most likely useful in metastasis prognosis.
