Globally, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women; it is also the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Health information seeking is a health promoting behavior that empowers individuals; besides evidence suggests a link to preventive health behavior. Purpose: to investigate Jordanian women behavior, specifically seeking of cancer –related information, sources preferences, and looking at the determinant of seeking cancer related information. Method: a cross sectional survey on a national representative sample of 1549 women. Face to face interviews were conducted in interviewees’ household using a structured comprehensive questionnaire. Results: only 339 women (21.9%) had looked for cancer -related information; Internet was the most retrieved source (n=160; 32%). With regard to preferred sources for cancer related information health care providers were ranked first (93.5%), followed by TV (91.0%). Younger educated women who weren’t with routine health care were more likely to actively seek cancer related information. Conclusion: Internet is a potential channel for communicating cancer-related information; culturally appropriate Internet resources are mandated. Health care providers are powerful motivators in enhancing cancer related information seeking across the population, ultimately enhancing women engagement in preventive health behaviors such as cancer screening.
This study investigates the strategies used by the top students from the national secondary religious schools in Malaysia in learning Arabic language. The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of language strategy used among the respondents. 520 top students were selected from a population of form four students from the 26 national secondary religious schools in Malaysia. The study utilizes SILL strategies that was modified to meet the Arabic Language requirements. The results showed that the means score between 2.86 and 3.45 indicates the students do employ the learning strategies. In contrast to this result, they always employ certain sub-strategies. Consequently, this study recommends the goverment body to introduce language strategies and enforce Malaysian students to use them in order to improve their Arabic language proficiency.
This paper obtains the exact 1-soliton solution to coupled Hirota equation that are studied in the context of birefringent fibers. Bright, dark and singular soliton solutions\nare given. There are several constraint conditions that fall out during the course of derivation of the soliton solution.
Method of Genetic Algorithms is implemented for optimization of efficiency factor of two objects: single phase shaded pole motor and main inductor for LCL filter. Three motor and two inductor models are built by variation of constructive parameters of both optimization objects. All optimized models resulted with gradual increase of efficiency factor for shaded pole motor achieved by not increased power consummation followed by constant input power and increased output power which considerably improved low efficiency factor for this type of motor. Filter models resulted in increased efficiency due to lower losses followed by decreased temperature rise. All models are evaluated with Finite Element Method enabling magnetic flux density distribution in object cross section to be plotted and consequently possible week parts in construction with high flux density to be discovered.
Abstract: In this work, the existence and uniqueness of solution of mixed integral equations of the first kind of type Volterra- Fredholm integral equation (V-FIE), is considered. The continuity and normality of the integral operator are discussed. Then, using Nyström method, as a numerical method, we obtain numerically, the spectral relationships in the form of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of FIE with Carleman.
In many hospitals a routine chest X-ray (CXR) is frequently performed exam specially for evaluating Pneumonia. The objectives of this study were to evaluate Entrance skin dose (ESD) in pediatric CXR posterior-anterior (PA) and lateral (Lat) projection and also to estimate organs radiation doses.100 patients underwent chest x-ray, in Taif pediatric hospital in Taif, KSA, their age range from 0-15 years .The patients biodata (age ,weight ,height ,Gender and body mass index (BMI)) were recorded. The exposure factors ,focal skin distance, tube output and back scatter factor were entered in special soft ware known by DOS CAL in order calculate the ESD. The range of Kilovoltages and ESDs obtained were 40- 63kVp and 0.11-0.56 mGy respectively per radiograph for different ages and groups and both intended chest views. Significant correlation coefficient were found between tube potential, patients weight and ESDs . The mean radiation dose in lateral chest was 0.31±0.05 mGy . Skin and lung absorbed more radiation dose than other organs. The results of radiation dose for pediatric chest in this study matched and compatible with literature. The results presented will serve as a baseline data needed for deriving local reference doses for pediatric chest X-ray examinations.
Environmentally silver @ gold core- shell nanoparticles which is a novel synthesized from aqueous solutions of chloroauric acid, silver nitrate and Acacia nilotica husk extract. This product of nanosized particles is non-toxic, economical, clean, and energy conservator. The formation of the green core- shell nanoparticles was carried out and confirmed by the UV-visible spectroscopic analysis. The green synthesized core- shell nanoparticles were characterized using Zetasizer which is reveals that the average size of bimetallic nanoparticles is 61 nm. The characterization has been completed by the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) in addition to Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).
The present study was performed to use essential oils of some medicinal herbs thyme (Thymus vulgaris), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), and Anise (Pimpinella anisum) as natural antioxidants and antimicrobial to increase shelf-life of mayonnaise. Essential oils, phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of selected medicinal and aromatic plants herbs were extracted and quantitative determined. Anise plant content 2.48% essential oil, thyme had the highest content of total phenols (917.17 mg GAE/L) and highest % of inhibition of DPPH radical: 95.89%. Essential oils were screened against four gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and Salmonella typhimurium) and two gram positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) at four different concentrations using disc diffusion method. Both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to the potent essential oils. In general, rosemary and thyme oils showed significant inhibitory effect against two bacterial species. Moderate effects were seen in other oil (anise and fennel). Also, the peroxide value of mayonnaise prepared with rosemary essential oil at 5ml/kg was significantly lower than the peroxide value of all systems during storage. Essential oils of selected herbs were added to mayonnaise and determined peroxide value during storage and sensory evaluation. The results indicated that addition of essential oils of herbs prolonged the oxidative stability of mayonnaise and can be a good source of antibacterial agents
Medicinal plants may serve as a vital approach of potentially beneficial new modalities for the development of potent therapy against a variety of liver diseases. The current study aimed to investigate the probable hepatoprotective activity of Dill seeds water extract against carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury. Various biochemical parameters were estimated to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of Dill seeds water extract. To gain some knowledge about the mechanism of action, the effects of the detoxifying enzymes GST and CYP21A on oxidative stress induced by CCl4 were also investigated. In addition, histopathological examination of livers’ tissues sections and DNA extraction of rats’ livers (to investigate DNA integrity) were involved in the study to support the biochemical investigations. The results elicited that the serum levels of ALT, AST, GGT, Alkaline phosphatase, LDH and the liver homogenate CYP21A in CCl4 treated rats recorded significant elevation and a significant decrease of acetylcholine esterase indicating severe hepatic injury induced by CCl4. However, Dill seeds protected rats exhibited significant reduction in those serum enzymes and liver homogenate CYP21A as well as a significant elevation of acetylcholine esterase and GST level in liver homogenate as well as an improvement in the histopathological alteration and DNA integrity compared to that of positive control group suggesting potent effect of Dill seeds aqueous extract in restoring the proper functional capability of the hepatic cells. It was concluded that Dill seeds water extract could afford a significant protection against CCl4 induced hepatocellular injury.\nKey Words: Anethum graveolens; Dill seeds water extract; (DSWE); Hepatoprotective activity; CCl4 damage.
The aim of this work was to determine the nitric oxide (NO) levels, cathepsins B and B+L activities, calpains expression and myofibrillar toughness in goatling muscle to understand the relation of NO with meat tenderness. Semitendinosus (ST), Semimembranosus (SM) and Longissimus (L) muscles were excised from twelve goatling immediately after slaughter, then were vacuum-packed and stored at 4°C at different post mortem times. In all muscles, a significant increase (p<0.05) of NO levels was observed at 10 hours and as from 24 hours NO levels decreased significantly, in cathepsin B+L activity and myofibrillar toughness this decreased also was observed. Cathepsin B activity and calpains expression remained constant. This work showed that, NO production is correlated with meat tenderness and could be considered as a biological marker of the conversion of muscle into meat.
